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Survey Lec > Survey Lec Concepts > Flashcards

Survey Lec Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

TIt is used for determining relative position on or beneath the surface of the earth

A

Surveying

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2
Q

Branch of surveying used to find elevations of given points with respect to a given or assumed datum

A

Leveling

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3
Q

Can be attached to a wheel for measuring surface distance

A

Odometer

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4
Q

An instrument with a self contained measuring device

A

Measuring wheel

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5
Q

This survey relates to land ownership

A

Cadastral survey

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6
Q

This survey is for mapping of bodies of water

A

Hydrographic survey

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7
Q

This survey is used in determining relative points beneath the surface of the earth

A

Mine survey

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8
Q

Provides data in determinin* horizontal and vertical alignment for roads

A

Route survey

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9
Q

Survey method used to map natural and man made features and obtain elevation

A

Topographic survey

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10
Q

Sub-discipline of surveying which requires high accuracy and precision

A

Industrial survey

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11
Q

Most precise instrument for measurement of horizontal and vertical angles

A

Theodolite

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12
Q

It’s made up of cotton, coated linen, and other synthetic material

A

Measuring tape

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13
Q

Used for centering aid for surveying materials

A

Plumb bob

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14
Q

Portable three-legged frame or stand

A

Tripod

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15
Q

Instrument use to find out the bearing of traversing and angles between them

A

Prismatic compass

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16
Q

Errors caused by environmental conditions

A

Natural error

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17
Q

Errors cause by imperfectly constructed equipment

A

Instrument errors

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18
Q

Errors caused by physical limitation and inconsistent setup

A

Human errors

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19
Q

Are called difference between measured value and its true value

A

Error

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20
Q

Accidental errors

A

Random errors

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21
Q

Degree of conformity

A

Accuracy

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22
Q

Set of measurement agree wih their mean

A

Precision

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23
Q

It involves measuring distance by counting the number of steps

A

Pacing

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24
Q

Used to determing horizontal and slope distances

A

Taping

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25
Q

Method of angular surveying, used to quickly determine horizontal distance and elevation of a point

A

Tacheometry

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26
Q

Complete the ff.
1. Direct leveling
2. Trigonometric leveling
3. ______________
4. Stadia Leveling

A

Barometric leveling

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27
Q

Basic form of leveling in which the instrument is placed between points

A

Simple leveling

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28
Q

It is performed when the distance between 2 points is more

A

Differential leveling

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29
Q

Leveling used when benchmark is very far away

A

Fly leveling

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30
Q

Leveling also known as Longitudinal Sectioning

A

Profile leveling

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31
Q

Also known as longitudinal leveling

A

Reciprocal leveling

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32
Q

This emthod is used to find elevation of a point from angle and horizontal distance, also called indirect leveling

A

Trigonometric leveling

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33
Q

A modified form of trigonometric leveling, in this case the line of sight is inclined

A

Stadia leveling

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34
Q

A phenomenon of the compass needle to be attracted downward due to earth’s magnetic field

A

Magnetic dip

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35
Q

Shows lines connecting points where the magnetic declination of the compass is the same

A

Isogonic lines

36
Q

Are lines connecting point of zero magnetic declination

A

Agonic lines

37
Q

The horizontal angle and direction by which the needle of a compass deflects from the true meridian

A

Magnetic declination

38
Q

Formula in determining interior angles in a closed polygon

A

(N-2)180*

39
Q

It is the acute horizontal angle between a reference meridian

A

Bearing

40
Q

It’s the direction as given by the angle between the line and from either north or south

A

Azimuth

41
Q

The geographic meridian

A

True meridian

42
Q

Fixed line of reference which lies parallel with the magnetic lines

A

Magnetic meridian

43
Q

The direction of a line is usually defined by the horizontal angle and with a fixed reference

A

Meridian

44
Q

Determining the lengths and direction of consecutive lines

A

Traverse

45
Q

When lines form a circuit which ends at the starting point

A

Closed traverse

46
Q

When the lines form a circuit that ends elsewhere

A

Open traverse

47
Q

Error formula

A

e = actual length - standard length

48
Q

True distance formula

A

Td = Md + Md/standard length x error

49
Q

Temperature correction

A

aL(T2 - T1)

50
Q

Coefficient of thermal expansion for steel

A

a= 11.6x10^-6 m/mC

51
Q

Correction for sag formula

A

w^2 L^3 / 24 P^2

52
Q

Correction for Slope Formula

A

h^2 / 2S

53
Q

Horizontal Distance Formula (slope method)

A

Cslope = S - H or H = S - Cslope

54
Q

Elongation Formula (sw)

A

mgx/2AE (2l-x)

55
Q

Elongation Formula (M)

A

Mgx / AE

56
Q

Elongation Formula (pull)

A
  • P1x / AE
57
Q

Instrument Height Formula (Differential Leveling)

A

Benchmark (elevation) + Back sight Reading

58
Q

Benchmark 2 Elevation Formula (diff leveling)

A

Height of Instrument - Foresight Reading

59
Q

Stadia Formula (horizontal line of sight)

A

D = Ks + C

60
Q

K (Stadia)

A

Stadia Interval Factor

61
Q

C (Stadia)

A

Stadia constant

62
Q

s = Upper hair reading - lower hair reading (Stadia)

A

Stadia Intercept

63
Q

Stadia Formula (W/elevation)

A

D = Ks cos θ + C

64
Q

Value of Stadia Constant on an Internal Focusing Telescope

A

C = 0

65
Q

Earth’s Curvature Formula

A

Hc = 0.0785 K^2

66
Q

The first DPD is equals to the _________

A

Latitude

67
Q

The first DMD is equals to the _______

A

Departure

68
Q

DPD x _________ = Double Area

A

Corrected Departure

69
Q

DMD x ________ = Double Area

A

Corrected Latitude

70
Q

Area of closed traverse formula

A

1/2 ∑ DA

71
Q

Refraction Formula

A

Hrc = 0.0675 K^2

72
Q

A type of variation that is usually neglected when observing magnetic direction

A

Daily Variation

73
Q

Slow and gradual shift in the position of the earth’s magnetic meridian
Swings every 150 years

A

Secular Variation

74
Q

Variations that are likely to occur during magnetic storms

A

Irregular Variation

75
Q

Means “passing across” or determining the lengths and direction of consecutive lines

A

Traverse

76
Q

When lines form a circuit which ends at the starting point

A

Closed traverse

77
Q

When lines form a circuit that ends elsewhere except the starting point

A

Open traverse

78
Q

A short line of unknown length and direction connecting the initial and final station

A

Linear error of closure

79
Q

Two types of traverse adjustment

A

Compass rule and Transit Rule

80
Q

Also called the Bowditch Rule

A

Compass rule

81
Q

Two types of curves

A

Horizontal Curves and Vertical Curves

82
Q

These curves are viewed from the top.
(Curves are simple curves, compound curves, reverse curves, and spiral curve)

A

Horizontal Curve

83
Q

These curves are used to provide smooth transition in direction which takes place in the vertical plane

A

Vertical Curves

84
Q

3 methods used in determining the area of traverse

A

Herons formula
Matrix mode
Shoe lace method

85
Q
A

Survey Lec (2 decks)

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