survey 1 final Flashcards
1
Q
Who was the first Greek playwright and was responsible for writing for a main actor in addition to the chorus?
A
Thespis
2
Q
Rolling platforms, called ekkyklēma, were used during Greek tragedy because
A
Violent actions took place off stage, after which the results were rolled into view.
3
Q
In Greek theatre, actors relied mainly on ___ to show action and emotion due to the simplicity of costumes, the use of masks, and the large space in which they performed.
A
gestures and mime
4
Q
In Greek theatre, what took place in the amphitheater’s orchestra?
A
choral dancing
5
Q
What does the deus ex machina refer to in greek theatre?
A
Both God who appears to pass judgment on the guilty and resolve conflict and Mechanical cranes used to hoist performers
6
Q
Due to its pivotal role in defeating the Persians, __________ became the cultural and artistic center of the Greek city-states, and theater flourished there.
A
Athens
7
Q
Comedies focus on __________, while tragedies emphasize __________.
A
Political and historical events/mythological and heroic events
8
Q
Satyr plays
A
were written to provide the audience with comic relief at the end of a day-long performance of tragedies.
9
Q
Greek tragedy may have originated from
A
“goat songs” (tragōidia) used in ritual practices involving the killing of goats and choral performers of dithyrambs who were known as tragōidoi, originating from hymns performed to the god Dionysus.
10
Q
Sophocles and Aeschylus introduced a third actor to their plays because
A
this expanded the playwright’s options for conflict, complexity of plot and dialogue.
11
Q
Choruses in Greek comedies differ from those in tragedies in that
A
in comedies animals and inanimate objects form the chorus, whereas in tragedies the chorus represents the public’s perspective.
12
Q
What instrument played the most important role in the music composed for a drama?
A
flute
13
Q
Who is the oracle in the play Antigone?
A
Tiresias
14
Q
Which of the following would be an example of hamartia—the hero’s tragic flaw, or mistaken action or lapse in judgment?
A
Antigone burying her brother in spite of King Creon declaring him a traitor and forbidding his burial, according to Sophocles’s Antigone
15
Q
Katharsis is best defined as
A
a release stirred up by fear and pity inspired in the audience by the hero’s wrongdoings and his display of extreme emotions
16
Q
Which of the following is NOT included in Aristotle’s list of six crucial elements of any tragedy?
A
symbolism
17
Q
The dramatic structure of a Greek tragedy includes:
A
prologue, parade of chorus, a series of episodes followed by commentary from the chorus, a hymn of allegiance to the gods, and an exit by the chorus
18
Q
In addition to being a playwright, Sophocles held what position:
A
General
19
Q
What god was honored by the annual Greek drama festival?
A
Dionysus
20
Q
Greek festivals honored __________ while Roman festivals honored __________.
A
Dionysus / Jupiter
21
Q
Roman theater was performed during festivals known as
A
Ludi
22
Q
Early Roman comedy came from southern Italy in a burlesque form known as
A
atellan farce.
23
Q
Which of the following is NOT a change made to theater by Roman playwrights?
A
Three-dimensional stage sets were introduced.
24
Q
Which of the following is NOT true of Roman plays?
A
They were sometimes written by Roman senators and Christian moralists.
25
Horace proscribed all but which of the following elements for good theater?
A play should be written in common dialect rather than Latin.
26
Which Roman treatise made a large impact on Renaissance stage effects?
Vitruvius's De Architectura
27
Action in a Roman play took place in the __________ part of the stage.
pulpitum
28
Who of the following was not a famous Roman playwright?
Euripides
29
Which character is the object of a love triangle in The Eunuch?
Thais
30
Terence was born in what part of the world?
Africa
31
Terence was a former
slave
32
The rise of the Roman Empire resulted from
The Punic Wars
33
Eunuchus was an adaptation of the play Eunouchus by what Greek playwright?
Menander
34
Luscius Lanuvinus accused Terence of
Contaminating the Greek original by adding characters from another source
35
The stock character of the sponger or hanger-on in Roman comedy is known as the
Parasite
36
The clever slave whose tricks often drive the plot and finds out the truth at the end of the play. He often speaks with alliteration and meter.
The Servus Callidus
37
What is problematic in Eunuchus?
Enslaved people and the treatment of women
38
Senecan closet dramas influenced
Renaissance playwrights
39
Closet dramas are those written
to be read or recited, not performed
40
Hrotsvit, a Christian abbess, used __________ as a model adapted for Christian subjects.
Terentian comedy
41
What was a major reason for the absence of organized theatre in the Middle Ages?
The Christian church denounced theater and spectacle.
42
Early theatre in medieval Europe consisted of
Touring performers and local pagan festivals
43
The Quem Quaeritis commemorated
Visit by the three Marys to Christ's tomb
44
Which of the following is NOT one of Hrosvit of Gandersheim's accomplishments?
First Mother Superior at the abbey of Gandersheim
45
Which of the following was NOT among the classical authors known to be read by Hrosvit?
Aristotle
46
Hrosvit's works were rediscovered
In 1494 when Conrad Celtis found the Emmermau Munich Codex
47
What did Hrosvit say she wanted to reform in old dramatic models?
The shameless acts of lascivious women
48
Why did nineteenth-century scholars doubt Hrosvit's authorship?
The thought that no medieval woman could have possessed her knowledge of classical literature
49
How did the rediscovery of Hrosvit's manuscripts disrupt the prevailing narrative of medieval theater history?
They demonstrate a continuity between classical and medieval theatre.
50
During the Tang dynasty, Emperor Minghuang
opened the Pear Orchard Conservatory for Actors.
51
Which of the following distinguishes Yuan zaju plays from nanxi plays?
Yuan plays became a literary form of drama.
52
What purpose did tile districts serve?
They were urban amusement centers to provide entertainment.
53
What type of ending signified that a Yuan zaju drama was keeping with Confucian principles?
an ending in which justice is served
54
Chinese stages were
bare tile venues with a rear decorative wall panel.
55
Dramatists during the Yuan Dynasty were
Chinese scholars seeking work outside their former government positions.
56
Which character sings most of the songs in the play Snow in Midsummer?
Dou E.
57
How did the lack of props and formal settings influence Guan's style in the play?
Language alone is used to direct action and indicate passage of time.
58
One of the main character differences between "judgment reversal" zaju and the more common form of zaju is:
Two villains are required rather than the usual single villain.
59
What did Dou Tianzhang trade his daughter for?
ten taels to pay off a debt
60
Where is Dou Tianzhang headed after he leaves Dou E with Mistress Cai?
to the capital for his examinations
61
Why does Doctor Lu attack Mrs. Cai?
He does not want to pay back the debt he owes to her.
62
What does Zhang request for having saved Mrs. Cai?
her hand in marriage
63
Why does Doctor Lou want to move to another city?
He wants to avoid the guilt associated with selling poison to Donkey.
64
How does Zhang die?
He is poisoned.
65
Who is physically beaten at the trial?
Dou E because she will not confess to the crime
66
Why does Dou E request to be taken down the less conspicuous back road?
She does not want to upset Mrs. Cai.
67
What does the snow during the execution signify?
the injustice being done to Dou E
68
What does Dou Tianzhang investigate as a government official?
corruption among public officials
69
How has the town been punished for the injustices?
three years of drought
70
Who is Chinese Classical Theatre's equivalent of Shakespeare?
Guan Hanqing
71
Gigaku and bugaku theater, evolved from Buddhist practices, differ in that
gigaku is a masked processional, bugaku a courtly dance theater based on Asian dances.
72
Sarugaku—a comic theater that later evolved into sarugaku noh—is best translated as
monkey entertainment.
73
Props such as folding fans are used in noh drama to
symbolize emotions and other objects.
74
Which of the following is NOT an element of Kabuki drama
It utilized dolls and puppets.
75
Kagura is
a kind of dance theater that evolved out of Shinto ritual.
76
What transpires during a noh drama’s climax
There is a ritualized dance.
77
Which of the following is something Kanami did NOT do?
He introduced comedy and farce.
78
The financial support and flourish of sarugaku noh arose as a result of what political change in 1192?
The emperor was deposed and the shoguns took over.
79
What is true of the protagonist in a noh drama?
He is disguised in the first act and revealed in the second, He quotes Japanese literature, and He quotes Chinese literature.
80
Zeami’s seven-volume text, titled Kadensho, defines yugen as
a theory of beauty and life’s impermanence.
81
Hashigakiri function on the noh stage as
bridges that connect the stage with side passages.
82
Protagonists in noh works were assigned to stand by the shite pillar because
it allowed the actor to announce his name when entering the stage.
83
The nohgaku in dramatic works refers to
a program that took up to eight hours to complete.
84
Noh dramas are divided into __________ categories.
5
85
What was the main theme of plays performed during Muslim occupation on the Iberian Penninsula (Spain)?
Honor
86
What made Calderón’s Love Is the Greatest Enchantment unique?
It had noteworthy special effects including hydraulics.
87
Who took over the production of autos sacramentales after the mid-sixteenth century?
Munincipalities/ government
88
Which of the following is NOT true of female performers after 1599?
They were retired prostitutes.
89
What was unique about Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz?
She was a nun.
90
Compañías de la legua (“companies of the road”) performed in the countryside because they
were comprised of actors who failed to gain employment with one of the few licensed troupes
91
Who originally received licenses for the corrales (public theaters)?
organizations who raised money for hospitals and the poor
92
Which god is honored in the opening lines of the loa?
God of Seeds
93
What purpose does the character Religion serve in the play?
She represents Christianity.
94
Which character is said to frighten all who look upon their face?
Zeal
95
According to Religion, what mystery takes place during Holy Mass?
Bread and water transform into Christ's body and blood.
96
Religion states that the auto will be performed in ___________________.
Madrid
97
Where did women sit in public Spanish theatres?
The cazeula, the gallery above the refreshment booth.
98
In Spain, public theatre was performed
in corrales
99
How many acts did comedia nueva, the most popular form of Spanish theatre, typically have?
three
100
Who was not a Spanish Golden Age playwright
Racine
101
Sor Juana was born as a "daughter of the church," which means
she was an illegitimate child
102
Why did Sor Juana join the convent?
Because she preferred a life of study over the prospect of marriage
103
What did Sor Juana do that drew great criticism?
She wrote a letter critical of a Jesuit sermon
104
What was Sor Juana's punishment
She had to give up all of her books and renounce writing
105
Morality plays were largely influenced by which fourth-century work that emphasized a competition between virtue and vice?
Prudentius's Psychomachia
106
What role did the sedes (mansions) and platea (place) play in the staging of Corpus Christi plays?
They represented stable and temporary stage environments during a performance.
107
Tudor interludes are best characterized as
dramas performed for noble households, guild halls, and schools.
108
Which of the following would NOT be an example of an allegorical character?
Pope Urban IV
109
Why were mystery plays so named?
Guilds and craftsman groups sponsored them.
110
Miracle plays commemorated the lives of
saints
111
Catholics and Protestants used _________ to to dramatize their doctrinal and political disputes during the English Reformation.
morality plays
112
How do morality plays differ from mystery cycles?
Morality plays are concerned with the individual Christian's life, while mystery plays are concerned with sin and redemption in human history as exemplified by biblical characters and saints.
113
What would you say BEST describes the theme of Everyman as laid out at the beginning of the play?
every person's account of his or her life to God upon dying
114
What does Everyman offer Death in exchange for one more day of life?
one thousand pounds
115
Whom does Everyman go to first to invite to accompany him on his journey?
Fellowship
116
What reason does Cousin give for not accompanying Everyman on his journey?
He has a cramp in his toe.
117
What "precious jewel" does Confession give to Everyman?
Penance
118
Knowledge gives Everyman a garment of sorrow, also called ______, to obtain God's forgiveness.
Contrition
119
When Everyman goes to Death, everyone abandons him EXCEPT ________.
Knowledge
120
Who explains the moral of the play in the closing lines?
Doctor
121
According to the closing lines of the play, what cannot take place after death?
repentance
122
Why can't Good Deeds accompany Everyman on his journey?
She is bound by Everyman's sin and cannot move.
123
The most popular commedia character. Masked servant who was skilled acrobat and dancer and carried a "slapstick"
Arlechinno
124
One of two official companies in London at the time, led by the Burbage Family and William Shakespeare.
Lord Chamberlain's Men
125
An actor would invest a large sum of money and commit themselves to a company for a minimum number of years.
Shared or sharing plan
126
"Rebirth"; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome
Renaissance
127
Intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements
Humanism
128
Where did the Renaissance begin?
Italy
129
A tool invented by Johann Gutenberg in 1450. It helped spread the ideas of the Renaissance. This invention made information available to a many more people than before and allowed the Renaissance to spread because it made new ideas available to a much larger audience.
Printing press
130
Rich merchant family, who ruled Florence during the Renaissance, became wealthy from banking, became a model for arts patronage, and controlled Florence for about three centuries.
Medici
131
Wrote Dialogues on Scenic Representation, the first treatise on stage practices. Claimed the origins of theatre were in Hebrew scripture, not with the Greeks.
Leone di Somi
132
The masque in Hamlet is an example of what kind of play?
Tudor Interlude
133
Who granted licenses for plays, and could censor, arrest, imprison, and even torture playwrights in England for controversial material?
Master of Revels
134
Since theater was banned in London, private theaters were built on __________ outside of municipal control.
liberties
135
In Hamlet, the ghost reveals that he was killed by poison . . .
poured in his ear as he slept
136
What type of play is Hamlet?
Revenge tragedy
137
Which character in Hamlet is NOT avenging his father's death?
Horatio
138
What are the ghost's instructions to Hamlet?
Kill Claudius but leave the Queen to God's judgement
139
Polonius believes Hamlet's madness is caused by
love
140
What is the cause of Ophelia's death?
drowning
141
What is Hamlet's first line?
A little more than kin and less than kind.
142
What company monopolized French theatre from the 1400s-1600s
Confriere de la Passion
143
Who was responsible for starting the tradition of government subsidization for the arts?
Cardinal Richelieu
144
Which of the following is NOT representative of neoclassical theater?
Cornielle's Le Cid
145
In French theatre, where did some high paying noble spectators sit?
on the stage
146
What trade did Moliere inherit from his father early in his career?
furniture making and repair
147
What problem did the church have with the profession of acting?
pretending to be another identity
148
What was the name of the theatre company formed by Moliere?
Illustre Theatre
149
Where were early popular theaters constructed in Paris?
former tennis courts
150
French theatre developed later than other European countries due to the war between the Catholics and
the Hugenots.
151
The decline of French theatre in the late seventeenth-century can be attributed to
King Louis XIV's moved the court outside of Paris
152
What is (are) the setting(s) of the play Tartuffe?
Paris, in OROGON's home
153
Following Roman and Neoclassical rules, Tartuffe is how many acts?
Five
154
ORGON: What can I do About a servant with a mouth like that? The liberties you take! ______ you laugh at! I am not happy with you --
To what neoclassical convention does Orgon refer to here?
Decorum
155
TARTUFFE: [noticing DORINE] Laurent, lock up my scourge and hair shirt, too. And pray that our Lord's grace will shine on you. If anyone wants me, I've gone to share my alms at prison with the inmates there.
TARTUFFE's line reflects:
Medieval Christianity
156
Which two characters in Tartuffe eavesdrop on Elmire and Tartuffe?
Damis and Orgon
157
Where does Orgon hide to spy on Elmire and Tartuffe?
under the table
158
Why does Orgon spy on Elmire and Tartuffe?
Elmire demands him to.
159
Which Roman stock character is Tartuffe most like?
Parasite
160
As in many French plays, in Tartuffe scenes change when ___________________.
a character enters or leaves the stage.
161
What leverage does Tartuffe have over Orgon?
He has convinced Orgon to sign over his estate and has paperwork that could implicate Orgon in a crime.
