Surveillance Flashcards
What is the nominal range of secondary radar?
255nm
Which transponder type does not give level information?
Mode A
Which transponder types give level information?
Mode C and Mode S
Which transponder type has a globally unique code allocated to the airframe?
Mode S
If not coupled to an FDR, what will show on an ASD with Mode S?
Will show registration but not callsign if not coupled
What is the effective maximum range of ADS-B?
250nm
Which aircraft must be ADS-B equipped?
All IFR aircraft, excluding State and Military
What information is transmitted in an ADS-B squitter? (8)
- Flight ID and 24 bit airframe code
- Position
- Position integrity
- Barometric altitude
- RoC / RoD
- Track angle and velocity
- Emergency indication
- Special Position Indicator (squawk ident)
How does ADS-C differ from ADS-B?
ADS-C is not a continuous surveillance system (therefore cannot use surveillance separation / coordination standards).
Report transmitted every 12 minutes.
What does a Area (R) rating authorise the holder to do?
Authorises the person to provide area Radar control services as specified for each Endorsement acquired under the Rating
In case of radar failure, does an ATC with a Radar rating also require a Procedural Control rating in order to apply procedural separation?
No, a Radar Rating implies that training has ensured a competency standard to safely and adequately resolve immediate traffic management issues in the event of system failure
What is the order of precedence in which tracks shall be displayed if there are several sources of position information?
- Radar
- ADS-B
- ADS-C
- FPL
What are the coupling corridor VSPs?
- 20nm radius at ADEP/ADES
- 10nm ether side of route(i.e. 20nm corridor width).
- 20nm radius around turning points.
- 110nm semi circle perpendicular to Boundary Position
Is coupling shared across different FDRGs?
No
What are the three things required before auto coupling will occur?
- An FDR with an ASSR must exist.
- Aircraft must be within coupling corridor.
- FPL state must be CORD or later
What are three things to consider before a Surveillance Control Service is permitted to be provided?
- Airspace class
- Type of Flight
- Aircraft must be identified
To what type of flights in what classes of airspace would a SIS be provided?
VFR in class E or G
What are the communications requirements for providing a SIS?
Continuous two way communications (i.e. no HF)
Must aircraft be identified before providing a SIS?
Yes
Who separates VFR flights from terrain when a SIS is being provided?
Pilot
May a SIS be handed off to the next sector?
Yes, provided it is coordinated and approved by the next sector
What non-discrete SSR code ‘3000’ reserved for?
Civil flights in A, C and D airspace, or IFR flights in E airspace
What is non-discrete SSR code ‘2000’ reserved for?
Civil IFR flights in G airpace
What non-discrete SSR code ‘1200’ reserved for?
Civil VFR flights in E or G airspace
What non-discrete SSR code ‘5000’ reserved for?
Military flights in A, C, D or E airspace
What is non-discrete SSR code ‘6000’ reserved for?
Military flights in G airspace
What is non-discrete SSR code’4000’ reserved for?
Civil flights not involved in special operations or SAR, operating in G airspace in excess of 15nm offshore
What is non-discrete SSR code ‘7615’ reserved for?
Civil flights engaged in littoral surveillance
What is non-discrete SSR code ‘2100’ reserved for?
Ground testing by aircraft maintenance staff
What is non-discrete SSR code ‘100’ reserved for?
Tower airspace (Tower ATC assignment)
What is non-discrete SSR code ‘7000’ reserved for?
RPAS
What is non-discrete SSR code’7400’ reserved for?
RPAS lost link emergency code
How long is identification maintained for?
Until identification service is terminated
What are the four procedures for establishing identification?
- Correlating alpha-numeric label with position symbol
- Transfer of identification
- Observed compliance with instruction to operate SPI, change to specific SSR code or transmit ADS-B IDENT
- Correlating RPI with manoeuvres of a departing aircraft which acknowledged instructions to that effect
Position information should be provided with reference to? (5)
- Bearing or track and distance from significant point
- Well known geographical location
- Distance to runway touchdown if aircraft is on final
- Distance to runway touchdown as track miles to run
- Distance and direction from centre line of ATS route
What are the three processors in ADS-B architecture?
- AFP (ADS-B Front Processor)
- AMP (ADS-B Multi Track Processor
- SNMAP (Safety Net Monitoring Aid Processor
What is the function of the AFP?
Message checking, figure of merit processing, site monitor management
What is the function of the AMP?
QNH correction, track extrapolation, sync with RDP (Radar Data Processor), track update
What is the function of the SNMAP?
Track coupling, APR, alert and alarm processing
For system purposes, what is the accuracy of an ADS-B track?
+- 0.5nm
What is the phraseology for an ADS-B aircraft to trigger the SPI?
Transmit ADS-B Ident
Where does the system look to match the 24 bit code transmitted by an ADS-B aircraft?
Field 18 of the flight plan: CODE/XXXXXX
When will ADS-B decoupling occur? (5)
- Coupled track is cancelled (leaves coverage)
- Coupled FDR is cancelled
- Flight ID changes and this was basis for coupling
- ICAO 24 bit code in FDR modified and this was basis for coupling
- Coupled track enters 1nm of ADES + VSP time
What must pilots do if their ADS-B doesn’t comply with approved equipment configuration?
- After landing, pilot must contact NOC by phone
- Include RMK/ADSB UNSERVICABLE in flight plan
What are the abbreviations for pressure altitude derived level information from the following sources?
1. Radar
2. ADS-B
3. ADS-C
- MCL
- ABL
- ADL
Is identification retained if changing between ABL and MCL?
Yes
How is PADLI verified?
Simultaneous comparison with altimeter-derived level information received from same aircraft by radio
What is the phraseology to ask a pilot to verify PADLI?
VERIFY LEVEL
What is the tolerance for verifying PADLI?
+- 200ft
What should you do if the tolerance for verification of PADLI is exceeded?
- Tell pilot
- Request check of pressure setting
- Confirm current level.
If unable to fix, request pilot to stop PADLI transmission and advise next ATC unit
What should you do if MCL is blank?
Instruct pilot: SQUAWK CHARLIE
If unable to fix, enter PRL in the label data: PXXX
What should you do if MCL is incorrect?
Instruct pilot: CHECK ALTIMETER SETTING AND CONFIRM LEVEL or STOP SQUAWK CHARLIE, WRONG INDICATION
If unable to fix, enter PRL in label data: PXXX
Does ABL require SSR interrogation?
No, obtained from squitter via aircraft transponder
Why might an ABL be blank?
- Due to aircraft being below FL130 in area without QNH data
- Pilot or avionics problem