Surgical Tx of External Genitalia Tumors Flashcards
A solitary, 1-cm-diameter mass is identified on the penile body of a 13-year old Appaloosa breeding stallion. The mass is cauliflower like in appearance, has a narrow base, and does not appear to invade the penile tunic. The regional lymph nodes are not enlarged. Which of the following procedures would be most appropriate in this case?
a. Wait and recheck the mass in 6 months, and then remove the mass if it has enlarged
b. Perform an en bloc resection because the tumor has likely metastasized
c. Perform a local excision or circumferential poesthectomy (reefing)
d. Perform phallectomy immediately
C
Phallectomy
a. Should be performed when severe preputial lesions are present
b. Is indicated for horses with severe lesions of the distal penis
c. Involves the removal of a circumferential ring of preputial tissue
d. Should not be performed on geldings
B
Circumferential posthectomy (reefing)
a. Is performed only for severe, infiltrative lesions of the prepuce and penis
b. Is associated with a poor prognosis when compared with other surgical techniques for external genitalia tumors
c. Should be performed only as a salvage procedure in stallions
d. Involves the removal of a circumferential ring of preputial tissue
D
En bloc resection and penile retroversion
a. Ar warranted for the treatment of horses with extensive lesions of the penis and/or prepuce with metastasis
b. Involve the resection of only the distal penis, including the glans
c. Are associated with an excellent prognosis
d. Should not be performed on geldings because of the change in urination behavior
A
A 15-year old American paint gelding is presented for severe preputial swelling with a foul odor. There are multiple SCC lesions on the penis and prepuce. The penis feels thickened, and the superficial inguinal lymph nodes are enlarged. Which of the following techniques is indicated?
a. Circumferential posthectomy and lymph node removal
b. Phallectomy
c. Laser ablation of penile and preputial lesions
d. En bloc resection and penile retroversion with superficial inguinal lymph node removal
D
Local excision of solitary tumors of the equine external genitalia
a. Is usually not possible because of rapid metastasis and invasion of the lesions
b. Requires GA
c. Can be performed in the standing horse using local or epidural anesthesia
d. Is associated with a high cure rate for the treatment of horses with coalesced melanomas (dermal melanomatosis)
C
SCC of the penis with involvement of the urethra
a. Is associated with a better prognosis for long-term survival than SCC that does not involve the urethra
b. Is associated with a poorer prognosis for long-term survival than SCC that does not involve the urethra
c. Necessitates immediate circumferential posthectomy
d. Has no effect on the prognosis for long-term survival of the horse
B
Laser vaporization of external urogenital tumors
a. Has been successful for the treatment of horses with precancerous lesions
b. Is associated with a high risk of complications and should not be attempted
c. Does not require adequate surgical margins because the heat from the laser destroys all tumor cells
d. Is commonly performed using an Nd:YAG laser
A
Incomplete tumor excision
a. Is associated with a transient decrease in proliferation of residual tumor cells and metastases
b. Is associated with a transient increase in proliferation of residual tumor cells and metastases
c. Has no effect on the kinetics of remaining cells
d. Is easily avoided when debulking tumors
D
Perioperative administration of anti cancer drugs
a. Is not advised because of the high risk of wound dehiscence
b. is not effective in treating horses with tumors of the external genitalia.
c. decreases the efficacy of the drugs because residual tumor cells are resistant to anticancer drugs.
d. optimizes the efficacy of the anticancer drugs against residual tumor cells.
A
