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Surgery > Surgical Recall > Flashcards

Surgical Recall Flashcards

1
Q

Battle’s sign (ecchymosis of mastoid process)

A

Basilar skull fracture

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2
Q

Beck’s triad

A

Cardiac tamponade

1) hypotension
2) elevated JVP
3) distant heart sounds

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3
Q

Bergman’s Triad

A

Fat emboli

1) petechiae
2) dyspnea
3) AMS

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4
Q

Carcinoid triad

A

FDR

1) flushing
2) diarrhea
3) R heart failure

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5
Q

Charcot’s Triad and Reynold’s Pentad

A

Charcot’s = cholangitis

1) fever/ chills
2) jaundice
3) RUQ pain

Reynold’s = suppurative cholangitis
Add:
4) hypotension
5) AMS

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6
Q

Chvostek’s Sign

A

Tapping on facial nerve causes face to twitch - hypocalcemia

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7
Q

Cushing’s triad

A

Increased intracranial pressure

1) hypertension
2) bradycardia
3) irregular respirations

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8
Q

Hamman’s sign

A

Crunching of mediastinum seen with emphysema (Boerhaave, pneumomediastinum)

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9
Q

Homan’s sign

A

Calf pain on dorsiflexion of foot
DVT
Compartment syndrome

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10
Q

Laplace’s Law

A

Wall tension = pressure x radius

Applies to any hollow tube (heart, gut, ect.)

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11
Q

McBurney’s Point

A

1/3 ASIS to umbilicus

Pain = appendicitis

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12
Q

Mittelschmerz

A

Lower quadrant pain due to ovulation

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13
Q

Murphy’s sign

A

Pain on inspiration during palpating of R costal margin

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14
Q

Obturator sign

A

Pain on internal rotation of leg

Appendicitis

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15
Q

Pheochromocytoma triad

A

1) palpitations
2) headache
3) episodic diaphoresis

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16
Q

Psoas sign

A

Pain with abduction of hip

Appendicitis or psoas inflammation

17
Q

Raccoon eyes

A

Basilar fracture

18
Q

3 signs of a basilar skull fracture

A

Raccoon eyes
Postauricular ecchymosis
Clear rhinorrhea (actually CSF fluid)

19
Q

Rovsing’s sign

A

LLQ pain on palpating

Appendicitis

20
Q

Virchow’s Triad

A

Thrombosis

1) stasis
2) abnormal endothelium
3) hypercoagulability

21
Q

Trousseau’s sign

A

Carpal spasm after occlusion of blood to forearm w/ BP cuff

Hypocalcemia

22
Q

Whipple’s triad

A

Insulinoma

1) hypoglycemia
2) CNS and vasomotor symptoms (syncope, diaphoresis)
3) relief of symptoms with glucose

23
Q

Budd- Chiari syndrome

A

Thrombosis of hepatic veins

24
Q

Fitz- Hugh- Curtis syndrome

A

Perihepatic gonorrhea infection

25
Q

Symptoms of Leriche’s syndrome (iliac occlusive disease)

A

Claudication of buttocks/ thighs
Impotence
Atrophy of legs

26
Q

Ogilvie’s syndrome

A

Massive non-obstructive colonic dilation - usually seen in elderly

27
Q

Plummer - Vinson syndrome

A 
Esophageal web 
Iron-deficiency anemia
Dysphagia
Spoon-shaped nails 
Strophic oral and tongue mucosa 
10% develop squamous cell carcinoma
28
Q

Trousseau’s syndrome

A

DVT associates with carcinoma

29
Q

Most common breast cancer

A

Infiltrating ductal

30
Q

Prominent collaterals in portal HTN

A

Esophageal varices
Hemorrhoids (inferior hemorrhoids vein)
Capuchin medusa
Retroperitoneal vein

31
Q

Retroperitoneal parts of GI tract

A

Duodenum
Ascending colon
Descending colon
Pancreas

32
Q

Borders of Hesselbach’s triangle

A

Inguinal ligament
Epigastric vessels
Lateral border of rectus abdominis

33
Q

Calot’s triangle

A

Cystic duct
Common hepatic duct
Cystic artery

34
Q

Artery affected in anterior spinal syndrome

A

Artery of Adamkiewicz

35
Q

Where does thoracic duct empty?

A

L subclavian vein/ L IJ junction

36
Q

TIE distribution of body water

A 
T= total body water
I = Intracellular
37
Q

Sinusitis + fever + diplopia

A

Cavernous sinus thrombosis

38
Q

Multiple episodes of Visual symptoms + instability

A

Blockage of the vertebral circulation

39
Q

Treatment for excruciating pain in the face with light touch

A

Trigeminal neuralgia

Carbamazepine (anticonvulsant) —> radioablation —> vascular decompression surgery

Surgery (1 decks)

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