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surgical instruments > Surgical instruments > Flashcards

Surgical instruments Flashcards

1
Q

Use: designed to grasp and hold tissues and small objects (suture needles) and thus serve as an extension of the surgeon’s fingers.
Consist of two blades attached at the proximal end, and the tips come together to hold tissue as finger pressure is applied on the blades.

A

Thumb Forceps

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2
Q

Types of thumb forceps and there uses:

A

Anatomic/traumatic (smooth tipped) thumb forceps  not for sx
Rat tooth/tissue forceps  used for manipulating the skin and tough connective tissue
Adson forceps  1-to-2 toothed tip but affords precise control of instrument pressure  used to grasp thin skin and light fascial planes
Brown-Adson forceps  two longitudinal rows of small, fine, intermeshing teeth  broad but delicate tissue grip
Russian forceps  broad, round tip with grooved perimeter and concave center
DeBakey and Cooley forceps  longitudinal grooves and fine horizontal striations  used for vascular, thoracic, and intestinal surgeries

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3
Q

Use: crushing instruments designed to collapse vessels until hemostasis occurs.
Most have transverse grooves on the inner jaw surface that increase tissue purchase.

A

Hemostatic forceps

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4
Q

Types of hemostatic forceps:

A 
Halstead mosquito forceps 
Kelly and Crile forceps 
Rochester-Pean forceps 
Rochester-Carmalt forceps  
Rochester-Ochsner forceps 
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5
Q

These are the smallest and most frequently used hemostatic forceps. Should only be used on small vessels

A

Halstead mosquito forceps

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6
Q

These forceps are sturdier than Halstead mosquito forceps; can be used on larger vessels. (name two types and how they are different from each other)

A

Kelly and Crile forceps (the Crile has transverse grooves on the entire inner jaw surface while the Kelly only has grooves on half)

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7
Q

These forceps have deep transverse grooves over the entire surface; Used to clamp large tissue bundles or vessels.

A

Rochester-Pean forceps

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8
Q

These forceps have longitudinal grooves with a few horizontal cross-striations at the tips; made to assist in pedicle ligation.

A

Rochester-Carmalt forceps

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9
Q

These forceps have transverse grooves and 1-to-2 interdigitating teeth located at the jaw tip to help prevent tissue slippage; considered traumatic and should be reserved for tissue that is to be removed.

A

Rochester-Ochsner forceps

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10
Q

These tissue forceps have slightly bowed, flexible jaws with longitudinal striations; least traumatic to tissue

A

Doyen-DeBakey intestinal forceps

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11
Q

These tissue forceps have teeth are oriented perpendicular to the direction of pull; can be traumatic and should only be used on heavy tissue planes or on tissue to be excised

A

Allis tissue forceps

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12
Q

These tissue forceps pull in a direction perpendicular to the tissue; less traumatic than Allis tissue forceps

A

Babcock intestinal forceps

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13
Q

These tissue forceps are used to grab sponges and clean or swab tissues/cavities

A

(Foerster) Sponge forceps

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14
Q

These clamps have atraumatic longitudinally grooved jaws that contain two bends; mainly used for vascular surgery

A

Satinsky clamps

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15
Q

Use: designed to spread the wound edges to facilitate exposure of the surgical field; can be finger-held, hand-held, or self-retaining.

A

Retractors

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16
Q

Types of finger-held retractors:

A 
Senn retractor  
Volkman finger retractor 
Parker retractor  
Farabeuf
Meyerding
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17
Q

This retractor has either blunt or sharp retractor prongs on one end and a right-angled fingerplate on the other; used to retract skin and superficial muscle layers; less useful for retracting large muscle mass.

A

Senn retractor (finger-held)

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18
Q

This retractor has sharp or blunt retractor prongs and a single-ring handle

A

Volkman finger retractor

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19
Q

This retractor is larger with deeper, flat blades on both ends; allows retraction of more tissue

A

Parker retractor (finger-held)

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20
Q

Types of hand-held retractors:

A 
Army-Navy retractors 
Hohmann retractors 
Kelly retractor  
Meyerding 
Lahey retractor 
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21
Q

These retractors are a standard 21.5 cm (8.5 in) length; have double-ended retracting blades of two different lengths, which allows the surgeon to select a blade according to tissue depth.

A

Army-Navy retractors (hand-held)

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22
Q

These retractors have a wide variety of blade widths (6 to 70 mm); the blade has a blunt projection that is useful in exposing bone while retracting muscle.

A

Hohmann retractors (hand-held)

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23
Q

This retractor has a loop handle and broad blade that projects at a right angle relative to the long axis of the instrument with a rounded, bent-down tip.

A

Kelly retractor (hand-held)

24
Q

This hand-held retractor has teeth

A

Meyerding retractor

25
Q

This retractor has a smooth handle and a rectangular narrow blade that provides good tissue visibility.

A

Lahey retractor (hand-held)

26
Q

Types of self-retaining retractors:

A

Gelpi retractor 
Weitlaner retractor 
Adson Cerebellar retractor 
Aanes retractor/speculum 
Balfour self-retaining abdominal retractor 
Finochietto
Guyton-Park/Maumenee-Park eyelid speculum

27
Q

Types of towel clamps: (4 types; what is unique characteristic)

A

Backhaus towel clamps; traditions, two prongs, penetrating
Jones towel clamps; spring-loaded
Lorna-Edna towel clamps; non-penetrating
Peers towel clamp; non-penetrating

28
Q

Types of suction tube tips:

A

Yankauer tip 
Frazier-Ferguson suction tip 
Poole Suction tube 

29
Q

This suction tube tip is relatively large, allowing removal of large volumes of blood/fluid

A

Yankauer tip 

30
Q

This suction tip can have either curved or straight tube; can adjust the suction intensity by placing index finger over the hole in the handle

A

Frazier-Ferguson suction tip 

31
Q

This suction tube has multiple ports along the tube to prevent occlusion and distribute suction forces

A

Poole Suction tube

32
Q

Use: have opposed cupping cutting jaws that allow precise removal of bone, cartilage, and fibrous tissue.
Most are single- or double-action

A

Rongeurs

33
Q

Types of rongeurs:

A

Ruskin rongeurs
Stille-Luer duckbill rongeurs
Friedman rongeur/Hartman bone rongeur

34
Q

Use: removing diseased bone, cartilage, debris, and damaged tissue from dense tissue surfaces. Also useful for harvesting cancellous bone grafts.

A

Curettes

35
Q

2 Types of curettes (and describe them)

A

Burns curette; have a straight or angled single oval cup at the end of a grooved handle
Volkman curette; double ended with an oval cup on one end and an oval or round cup on the other.

36
Q

Use: elevate periosteum and muscle attachments away from bone.

A

Periosteal elevator

37
Q

Types of periosteal elevators:

A

Adson elevator 
McIlwraith 
Foerner 
Freer 

38
Q

This periosteal elevator is available in blunt or sharp, and straight, curved, or full curved tip

A

Adson elevator

39
Q

This periosteal elevator has only a sharp tip

A

McIlwraith periosteal elevator

40
Q

This periosteal elevator is the sharpest of all, designed to free the attachment of the interosseous ligament from the proximal sesamoid bone

A

Foerner elevator/knife

41
Q

This periosteal elevator is double-ended; narrow and has one end that is blunt and one that is sharp

A

Freer elevator

42
Q

What are four types of bone cutting instruments?

A

Osteotomes 
Chisels 
Gouges 
Bone cutting forceps 

43
Q

These bone cutting instruments are double-beveled at their cutting tip, better control than with a chisel.

A

Osteotomes 

44
Q

These bone cutting instruments are single beveled (moves away from the beveled edge, so need to be applied beveled side towards bone to avoid driving into the bone); preferred for removal of exostoses.

A

Chisels 

45
Q

These bone cutting instruments have a concave shape

A

Gouges

46
Q

These bone cutting instruments can be single- (Liston) or double-action (Ruskin-Liston or Stille-Liston)

A

Bone cutting forceps

47
Q

What are common types of Osteotomes/Chisels/Gouges? 

A

Army-Navy, Hibbs, and Smith-Peterson

48
Q

What are the types of Bone cutting forceps? 

A

Liston bone-cutting forceps (single-action)

Ruskin-Liston or Stille-Liston (double-action)

49
Q

This bone-holding forceps is curved to the side with one are longer than the other, and has a speed-lock.

A

Verbrugge bone-holding forceps

50
Q

This bone-holding clamp is symmetric, straight, strong jaws and has a ratchet at the end to maintain bone-holding force; good for equine long bone reduction.

A

Kern bone-holding clamp 

51
Q

This bone-holding forceps contains a speed-lock and the jaws are rounded and sturdy.

A

Stefan bone-holding forceps

52
Q

This clamp has two pointed and thin jaws; comes with either a speed-lock or ratch; most frequently used bone clamp.

A

Bone-reduction clamp

53
Q

Which of the following is not a type of bone clamp?

  1. Stefan
  2. Kern
  3. Verbrugge
  4. Ruskin-Liston
A
  1. Ruskin-Liston bone-cutting forceps
54
Q

Which of the following retractors is not self-retaining?

  1. Balfour
  2. Finochietto
  3. Gelpi
  4. Volkman
  5. Weitlaner
A
  1. Volkman
55
Q

Which of the following are non-crushing forceps?

  1. Kelly
  2. Rochester-Ochsner
  3. Rochester-Carmalt
  4. Doyen-DeBakey
  5. Babcock
A

Doyen-DeBakey intestinal forceps are the least traumatic to tissue
Babcock intestinal forceps are also considered less traumatic.
Kelly, Rochester-Oschner, and Rochester-Carmalt are all hemostatic forceps, and therefore are “crushing” forceps

56
Q

T/F: Depth  control  with  the  electro  scalpel  is  more  precise  than    with  the  cold  scalpel. 

A

False; Depth  control  with  the  electro  scalpel  is  less  precise  than    with  the  cold  scalpel.  Because  the  electrode  cuts  all  tissue    it contacts, visual control is of paramount importance. Electrosurgical incision should not be used in areas with poorly defined  anatomic planes. Thermal necrosis at the wound edges can be  reduced and depth control can be improved by using the lowest  setting on the controls that allows clean cutting.

surgical instruments (1 decks)

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