Surgical Anatomy of the Tract Flashcards

1
Q

Deglutination

A

Complex movement involving skeletal and smooth muscle

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2
Q

Swallowing 4 phases

A

Oral preparation
Oral transit (voluntary)
Pharyngeal (Involuntary)
Oesophageal (involuntary)

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3
Q

Oesophagus 3 main parts

A

Cervical (cricopharyngeus to thoracic inlet)
Thoracic (to hiatus)
Abdominal
Approx 25cm in length

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4
Q

Oesophageal blood supply

A

Arterial supply
Cervical- via inferior thyroid artery
Thoracic- via thoracic artery branches
Abdominal- from coeliac plexus

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5
Q

Oesophageal venous drainage

A

Cervical- inferior thyroid veins
Thoracic- azygous system
Abdominal- left gastric vein (portal system)

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6
Q

3 Oesophageal constrictions

A

Cervical constriction
Thoracic constriction
Diaphragmatic constriction

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7
Q

Oesophageal Thoracic constriction

A

Aortic arch + L primary bronchus

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8
Q

Oesophageal Diaphragmatic constriction

A

Oesophageal hiatus

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9
Q

Oesophageal hiatus

A

T10
Right crux of diaphragm
Oesophagus
Vagus Nerve

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10
Q

Diaphragm Aortic Opening

A

T12 (in the median plane)

Structures passing through- aorta, thoracic duct, azygous vein

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11
Q

Diaphragm Oesophageal Opening

A

T10 (to the left side of the median plane)
Structures passing through- oesophagus, R + L vagus nerves, left gastric vessels, lymphatics from the lower third of the oesophagus

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12
Q

Diaphragm caval opening

A

T8 (to the right side of the median plane

Structures passing through- inferior vena cava, R phrenic nerve

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13
Q

Hiatal levels

A

T8- Vena Cava
T10- Oesophagus
T12- Aortic Hiatus

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14
Q

Oesophageal sphincter

A

Physiological/functional sphincter (not anatomical)
Smooth muscle
Crural diaphragm

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15
Q

Hiatus Hernia

A

Reflux
Bloating
Sore throat
Hoarse voice

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