Surgical Anatomy Flashcards
What is the drainage of the left testicular vein?
Left renal vein
What is the drainage of the right testicular vein?
IVC
What is Gerota’s fascia?
Fascia surrounding the kidney
What are the prominent collateral circulations seen in portal hypertension?
Esophageal varices
Hemorrhoids (inferior hemorrhoidal vein to internal iliac vein)
Patent umbilical vein (caput medusa)
Retroperitoneal vein via lumbar tributaries
What parts of the GI tract are retroperitoneal?
Most of the duodenum
Ascending colon
Descending colon
Pancreas
What is the gubernaculum?
Embryological structure that adheres the testes to the scrotal sac; used to help manipulate the testes during indirect hernia repair
Which artery bleeds in bleeding duodenal ulcers?
Gastroduodenal artery
What is the name of the lymph nodes between the pectorals minor and major muscles?
Rotter’s lymph nodes
Is the left vagus nerve anterior or posterior?
Anterior
What is Morrison’s pouch?
Hepatorenal recess - the most posterior cavity within the peritoneal cavity
Foregut location
Mouth to ampulla of Vater
Midgut location
Ampulla of Vater to distal third of transverse colon
Location of hindgut
Distal third of transverse colon to the anus
What are the blood vessels on a rib?
Vein, Artery, and Nerve (in that artery)
What is the order of the femoral vessels?
Nerve (most lateral) Artery Vein Empty space Lymphatics (most medial)
What are the three landmarks that make up Hesselbach’s triangle?
Inguinal ligament
Epigastric vessels
Lateral border of the rectus sheath
What nerve is located on top of the spermatic cord?
Ilioinguinal nerve
What landmarks make up Calot’s triangle?
Cystic duct
Common hepatic duct
Cystic artery
What is Calot’s node?
Lymph node found in Calot’s triangle
What is the gastrinoma triangle?
The triangle where >90% of gastrinomas are located
Bordered by:
- junction of the second and third portions of the duodenum
- Cystic duct
- Pancreatic neck
Which artery is responsible for anterior spinal syndrome?
Artery of Adamkiewicz
Where is McBurney’s point?
One third the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus (estimate of the position of the appendix)
How can you find the appendix after you find the cecum?
Trace the taeniae back as they converge on the origin of the appendix
Where is the space of Retzius?
Preperitoneal space anterior to the bladder
What are the white lines of Toldt?
Lateral peritoneal reflections of the ascending and descending colon
What is the strongest layer of the small bowel?
Submucosa (think SUbmucosa = SUper)
Which parts of the GI tract do not have a serosa?
Esophagus
Middle and distal rectum
What is the vein that overlies the pylorus?
Vein of Mayo
What is the pouch of Douglas?
Pouch between the rectum and bladder or uterus
What does the thoracic duct empty into?
Left subclavian vein
Left internal jugular vein junction
What is the coronary vein?
Left gastric vein
What is the hypogastric artery?
Internal iliac artery
What is longer, the left or right renal vein?
Left renal vein
What are the layers of the abdominal wall?
- Skin, then fat
- Scarpa’s fascia, then more fat
- External oblique
- Internal oblique
- Transversus abdominis
- Transversalis fascia
- Preperitoneal fat
- Peritoneum
What are the place circulares?
The circular folds of mucosa of the small bowel
What is another name for the place circulares?
Valvular conniventes
What are characteristic features of the jejunum?
Long vasa rectae
Large place circulares
Thicker wall
What are the major structural features of the ileum?
Shorter vasa rectae
Small plicae circularis
Thinner wall
What are the major anatomic differences between the colon and small bowel?
Colon has taeniae coli, haustra, and appendices epiplociae (fat appendages)
Small intestine is smooth
How far up does the diaphragm extend?
To the nipples (fourth intercostal space)
What dermatome is the umbilicus?
T10
What are the major layers of an artery, from deep to superficial?
Intima
Media
Adventitia
