Surgery

Question 1

What 3 symptoms make up carcinoid syndrome?

Answer 1

Flushing, Diarrhoea, Bronchospasm

Question 2

Significant tachyC + HTN in young patient = ?

Answer 2

Phaeo until proven otherwise.

Question 3

Name 3 drugs that cause gynaecomastia

Answer 3

Spironolactone, Digoxin, Antipsychotics

Question 4

What is Waterhouse-Friedrichsen syndrome?

Answer 4

Haemorrhagic adrenalitis - adrenal failure due to bleeding into adrenals, commonly from meningococcal disease. Often pre-terminal.

Question 5

Which 5 cancers often metastasise to bone?

Answer 5

Lung, breast, prostate, renal and thyroid.

Question 6

Which organism most commonly caused osteomyelitis?

Answer 6

S. aureus

Question 7

What 3 organisms cause septic arthritis?

Answer 7

S. aureus, S. pyogenes, N. gonorrhoea.

Question 8

Which 1 type of bone met is osteosclerotic?

Answer 8

Prostate

Question 9

What is the classical radiological appearance of an osteosarcoma

Answer 9

Sunray (bony spicules)

Question 10

Which type of cancer does schistosomiasis predispose to?

Answer 10

Squamous cell cancer of bladder

Question 11

What is the upper limit of normal PSA

Answer 11

4

Question 12

Describe the Ottowa ankle rules

Answer 12

Ankle XR required if:
Pain in malleolar zone + 1 of:
Tender lat or med malleolus
Inability to walk 4 steps