Surgery Flashcards
What breast pathology is often described as ‘breast mice’ due as they are discrete, non-tender, highly mobile lumps
Fibroadenoma
What breast pathology is often described as lumpy breast with worsening symptoms prior to menstruation
Fibroadenosis
What breast pathology is seen as erythematous and thickened of the areola
Paget’s disease of the breast
What breast pathology is seen as erythematous and thickened of the areola
Paget’s disease of the breast
What breast pathology is seen as green nipple discharge
Mammary duct ectasia
What breast pathology is commonly presents with blood stained discharge
Duct papilloma
What is the drug class of medication that can be used to manage the vasomotor symptoms of menopause that is not HRT/hormonal
Selective serotonin uptake inhibitor (SSRI) such as fluoxetine, citalopram or venlafaxine
Contraindications for HRT
Current or past breast cancer
Any oestrogen-sensitive cancer
Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding
Untreated endometrial hyperplasia
In women with a uterus what type of cancer will she more at risk of if she is not given unopposed oestrogen?
Will increase her risk of endometrial cancer
Define courvoisier’s law
non-tender, palpable gallbladder in the presence of jaundice is more likely malignancy rather than gallstones e.g. Cholangiocarcinoma
Difference between Cullen’s and Grey-Turner’s sign
Both associated with acute pancreatitis
Periumbilical discolouration (Cullen’s sign) and flank discolouration (Grey-Turner’s sign)
6 P’s of Acute limb-threatening ischaemia
pale
pulseless
painful
paralysed
paraesthetic
‘perishing with cold’
6 P’s of Acute limb-threatening ischaemia
pale
pulseless
painful
paralysed
paraesthetic
‘perishing with cold’
What is the initial management of acute limb ischaemia
Analgesia, IV unfractionated heparin and vascular review
