Surgery

Question 1

staging system for colorectal cancer?

Answer 1

Duke’s criteria

Question 2

acute presentations of bowel cancer?

Answer 2

• perforation
• haemorrhage
• fistula
• obstruction

Question 3

investigations in acute asthma attack?

Answer 3

• chest X ray
• sputum culture
• ABG
• ECG

Question 4

causative organism in septic arthritis where there’s a prosthetic joint?

Answer 4

staph epidermis

Question 5

risk factors for septic arthritis?

Answer 5

• intra-articular injections
• rheumatoid arthritis
• diabetes
• other systemic infections

Question 6

name the 4 rotator cuff muscles

Answer 6

• supraspinatus
• infraspinatus
• teres minor
• subscapularis

Question 7

which manoevre should be done if there is suspected airway obstruction?

Answer 7

jaw thrust (DO NOT do head tilt - chin lift!)

Question 8

scoring system used to calculate the prognosis following a PE in the next 30 days?

Answer 8

pulmonary embolism severity index (PESI)

Question 9

airway to use when there is suspected basal skull fracture?

Answer 9

oropharyngeal airway

Question 10

airway to use when GCS <8?

Answer 10

endotracheal cuffed tube

Question 11

imaging taken in a trauma series?

Answer 11

• AP chest X-ray
• AP pelvic X-ray
• lateral cervical X-ray
• FAST scan (USS for free fluid in abdomen)

Question 12

how to differentiate between compartment syndrome and acute limb ischaemia?

Answer 12

• pulses present in compartment syndrome (no pulses in ALI)

- limb is red and swollen in CS (pale in ALI)

Question 13

initial management steps in hypotension?

Answer 13

• insert 2 large bore cannulae

- IV fluid bolus

Question 14

how does the leg look in an intracapsular hip fracture?

Answer 14

• shortened

- externally rotated