Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) Systems Flashcards
6 Guidance Schemes
- Command
- Semi-Active
- Uplink-Aided Inertial (UAI)
- Seeker Aided Ground Guided / Track via Missile (SAGG/TVM)
- Active
- Passive
Command
-Ground system must track the missile and target
-Ground system calculates the proper trajectory for missile to intercept the target and relays steering commands to the missile through time of flight
Semi-Active
Missile homes in on energy reflected off the target provided by an outside source
Uplink-Aided Inertial (UAI)
-Ground system includes a digital uplink to an inertial navigation system (INS)-equipped missile
-Ground system tracks the target and sends the target location to the missile via datalink
-Missile calculates its own location using its INS and calculates course corrections to intercept the target
-Only used for midcourse guidance
Seeker Aided Ground Guided / Track via Missile (SAGG/TVM)
-Forms of guidance that combine aspects of command and semi-active guidance schemes
SAGG:
-Ground system illuminates target and missile receives reflected energy from target
-Unlike conventional semi-active homing, missile does not generate own guidance commands.
-Transmits raw engagement data to the ground system IOT generate uplink guidance commands
Active
Missile contains both the source for illuminating the target and the receiver for detecting and homing in on the energy reflected from the target
Passive
Missile detects and homes in on the natural target emissions such as IR signature or emitted RF waves (MANPAD)
MANPAD Gen 1
-Hot Metal Trackers - Rear Aspect
-No Infrared Counter-Counter Measures (IRCCM)
MANPAD Gen 2
-Plume Tracker - All Aspect
-No IRCCM
MANPAD Gen 3
-IRCCM - Countermeasure Capable (Flare Rejection)
MANPAD Gen 4
-Re-programmable Processors
MANPAD Gen 5
-Imaging Seeker
MIR
Maximum range a missile can intercept a target, may be limited by such factors as maximum time-of-flight, self-destruct timer, uplink timing, etc.
MRIR
Maximum range the system was designed to intercept a target where the fire control computer will recommend a launch solution to the operator, and is usually the manufacturer’s advertised maximum range
Probability of Kill (Pₖ)
The statistical probability that a weapon will detonate close enough to the target with enough effectiveness to destroy the target
SA-7b
-Russia
-1st Gen
-Short Range MANPAD
SA-29
-Russia
-4th Gen
-Short Range MANPAD
CSA-10 (FN-6)
-China
-Short Range MANPAD
CSA-14 (FN-16)
-China
-Short Range MANPAD
SA-8b
-Russia
-Short Range
-Tactical SAM
-Recce Features
-6 wheeled boat shaped chassis, missiles, guns, radars mounted on a turret in the center of the vehicle
-Missiles in two banks of 3 on both sides of TAR
-Large flat oval TTR Dish with 2 small MG dishes to either side
SA-15b/c/d/e
-Russia
-Short Range
-Tactical SAM
-Recce Features
-Wheeled or Tracked, mid-mounted turret equipped with TER/TAR and vertical launch missile boxes
-TER mounted on top rear of turret, square convex TTR mounted on turret front
-Camera system to the right of the TER, missile capture antenna to the left of the TER
SA-22b (Pantsir-S1/S2)
-Russia
-Short Range SAM/ADA System
-Recce Features
-8 wheeled KamAZ chassis
-Missiles, guns, radars, mounted on a turret to the rear of the vehicle
-Missiles in two banks of 6 on both sides of the turret. 30mm cannons adjacent to missiles on each side
-TAR radar is mounted on the top rear of the turret. TER is mounted in the front of the turret between the missiles and guns
SA-6
-Russia
-Medium Range Low to High Alt Tactical SAM
-Recce Features
-TAR:One parabolic and one circular radar dish mounted on tracked chassis
-TEL: Three Ready-to-fire missiles on tracked chassis
-Transloader: Crane mounted on three-axle truck; can carry 3 missiles
SA-11a
-Russia
-Medium to long-range, tactical SAM
-Recce Features
-TELAR: 4 ready to fire missles per
-Loader Launcher: 4 missiles ready to fire, 4 stored, crane
SA-21b (S-400)
-Russia
-Long-Range, strategic SAM
-Recce Features
-TEL: Mobile TEL with 4 large canisters mounted in a “U” shape (looks similar to SA-10 and SA-20 TEL)
-TER Radar Vehicle: Looks very similar to SA-10 and SA-20 TERs. 2 distinct differences; different chassis (front of chassis looks distinct from SA-10/20) and a small cylinder atop of the radar
CSA-15 a/b
-China
-Short Range, Tactical SAM
-Recce Features
-Mounted on Tracked or wheeled chassis
-Mid-mounted turret equipped with TER/TAR and vertical launch missile boxes
-TER mounted on top rear of turret, square convex TTR mounted on turret, square convex TTR mounted on turret front.
-camera system to right of TER, missile capture antenna to the left of TER
CSA-16
-China
-Medium Range, low to medium altitude tactical SAM
-Recce Features
-TEL: Six missile canisters; vertical when launched
-TAR: Rectangular radar array mounted on wheeled chassis, tilted @20 deg, antenna can raise to 27 ft; rotates when operating
-TER: Radar array mountain on wheeled chassis; raised when operating and tilted at 33 deg
-C2 Vehicle: Wheeled chassis with 3-4 small antennae
CSA-9a
-China
-Long Range, Strategic SAM
-Recce Features
-Radar: Wheeled chassis, large octagonal phased array radar w/ one rectangular antennas above and 2-3 rectangular or octagonal antennas below)
-TELAR: Mobile TEL with 4 large canisters mounted in a “U” shape
