Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM) Systems

Question 1

6 Guidance Schemes

Answer 1

1. Command
2. Semi-Active
3. Uplink-Aided Inertial (UAI)
4. Seeker Aided Ground Guided / Track via Missile (SAGG/TVM)
5. Active
6. Passive

Question 2

Command

Answer 2

-Ground system must track the missile and target
-Ground system calculates the proper trajectory for missile to intercept the target and relays steering commands to the missile through time of flight

Question 3

Semi-Active

Answer 3

Missile homes in on energy reflected off the target provided by an outside source

Question 4

Uplink-Aided Inertial (UAI)

Answer 4

-Ground system includes a digital uplink to an inertial navigation system (INS)-equipped missile
-Ground system tracks the target and sends the target location to the missile via datalink
-Missile calculates its own location using its INS and calculates course corrections to intercept the target
-Only used for midcourse guidance

Question 5

Seeker Aided Ground Guided / Track via Missile (SAGG/TVM)

Answer 5

-Forms of guidance that combine aspects of command and semi-active guidance schemes
SAGG:
-Ground system illuminates target and missile receives reflected energy from target
-Unlike conventional semi-active homing, missile does not generate own guidance commands.
-Transmits raw engagement data to the ground system IOT generate uplink guidance commands

Question 6

Active

Answer 6

Missile contains both the source for illuminating the target and the receiver for detecting and homing in on the energy reflected from the target

Question 7

Passive

Answer 7

Missile detects and homes in on the natural target emissions such as IR signature or emitted RF waves (MANPAD)

Question 8

MANPAD Gen 1

Answer 8

-Hot Metal Trackers - Rear Aspect
-No Infrared Counter-Counter Measures (IRCCM)

Question 9

MANPAD Gen 2

Answer 9

-Plume Tracker - All Aspect
-No IRCCM

Question 10

MANPAD Gen 3

Answer 10

-IRCCM - Countermeasure Capable (Flare Rejection)

Question 11

MANPAD Gen 4

Answer 11

-Re-programmable Processors

Question 12

MANPAD Gen 5

Answer 12

-Imaging Seeker

Question 13

MIR

Answer 13

Maximum range a missile can intercept a target, may be limited by such factors as maximum time-of-flight, self-destruct timer, uplink timing, etc.

Question 14

MRIR

Answer 14

Maximum range the system was designed to intercept a target where the fire control computer will recommend a launch solution to the operator, and is usually the manufacturer’s advertised maximum range

Question 15

Probability of Kill (Pₖ)

Answer 15

The statistical probability that a weapon will detonate close enough to the target with enough effectiveness to destroy the target

Question 16

Answer 16

SA-7b
-Russia
-1st Gen
-Short Range MANPAD

Question 17

Answer 17

SA-29
-Russia
-4th Gen
-Short Range MANPAD

Question 18

Answer 18

CSA-10 (FN-6)
-China
-Short Range MANPAD

Question 19

Answer 19

CSA-14 (FN-16)
-China
-Short Range MANPAD

Question 20

Answer 20

SA-8b
-Russia
-Short Range
-Tactical SAM
-Recce Features
-6 wheeled boat shaped chassis, missiles, guns, radars mounted on a turret in the center of the vehicle
-Missiles in two banks of 3 on both sides of TAR
-Large flat oval TTR Dish with 2 small MG dishes to either side

Question 21

Answer 21

SA-15b/c/d/e
-Russia
-Short Range
-Tactical SAM
-Recce Features
-Wheeled or Tracked, mid-mounted turret equipped with TER/TAR and vertical launch missile boxes
-TER mounted on top rear of turret, square convex TTR mounted on turret front
-Camera system to the right of the TER, missile capture antenna to the left of the TER

Question 22

Answer 22

SA-22b (Pantsir-S1/S2)
-Russia
-Short Range SAM/ADA System
-Recce Features
-8 wheeled KamAZ chassis
-Missiles, guns, radars, mounted on a turret to the rear of the vehicle
-Missiles in two banks of 6 on both sides of the turret. 30mm cannons adjacent to missiles on each side
-TAR radar is mounted on the top rear of the turret. TER is mounted in the front of the turret between the missiles and guns

Question 23

Answer 23

SA-6
-Russia
-Medium Range Low to High Alt Tactical SAM
-Recce Features
-TAR:One parabolic and one circular radar dish mounted on tracked chassis
-TEL: Three Ready-to-fire missiles on tracked chassis
-Transloader: Crane mounted on three-axle truck; can carry 3 missiles

Question 24

Answer 24

SA-11a
-Russia
-Medium to long-range, tactical SAM
-Recce Features
-TELAR: 4 ready to fire missles per
-Loader Launcher: 4 missiles ready to fire, 4 stored, crane

Question 25

Answer 25

SA-21b (S-400)
-Russia
-Long-Range, strategic SAM
-Recce Features
-TEL: Mobile TEL with 4 large canisters mounted in a “U” shape (looks similar to SA-10 and SA-20 TEL)
-TER Radar Vehicle: Looks very similar to SA-10 and SA-20 TERs. 2 distinct differences; different chassis (front of chassis looks distinct from SA-10/20) and a small cylinder atop of the radar

Question 26

Answer 26

CSA-15 a/b
-China
-Short Range, Tactical SAM
-Recce Features
-Mounted on Tracked or wheeled chassis
-Mid-mounted turret equipped with TER/TAR and vertical launch missile boxes
-TER mounted on top rear of turret, square convex TTR mounted on turret, square convex TTR mounted on turret front.
-camera system to right of TER, missile capture antenna to the left of TER

Question 27

Answer 27

CSA-16
-China
-Medium Range, low to medium altitude tactical SAM
-Recce Features
-TEL: Six missile canisters; vertical when launched
-TAR: Rectangular radar array mounted on wheeled chassis, tilted @20 deg, antenna can raise to 27 ft; rotates when operating
-TER: Radar array mountain on wheeled chassis; raised when operating and tilted at 33 deg
-C2 Vehicle: Wheeled chassis with 3-4 small antennae

Question 28

Answer 28

CSA-9a
-China
-Long Range, Strategic SAM
-Recce Features
-Radar: Wheeled chassis, large octagonal phased array radar w/ one rectangular antennas above and 2-3 rectangular or octagonal antennas below)
-TELAR: Mobile TEL with 4 large canisters mounted in a “U” shape