Surdophobia and Audism Flashcards
What is surdophobia (original 1997 definition)?
The 1997 definition of surdophobia as coined by Gardy van Gils is the ‘Fear of Deaf Professionals’.
What is surdophobia (general definition)?
A condition that will trigger a state of fear, known or unknown, in the person facing Deaf people
What happened in 1997?
Gardy van Gils, a Dutch social worker, organised a training course for staff at the support services for the Deaf at GOUDT in Ede about improving collaboration between Deaf and hearing people. There was lots of annoyance and fierce discussions, people not wanting to sign while on a break. Someone said ‘the deaf were inferior to the hearing’.
What term did Paddy Ladd coin in his book?
‘Surdophillic’ - lover of anything Deaf
What is surdophobia defined as now?
Hostility, intolerance or fear against Deaf people, Deaf culture and the Deaf community, including resistance to the use of sign languages.
What is audism?
The notion that one is superior based on the ability to hear or behave in the manner of one who hears. A form of discriminatory behaviour.
Who first defined audism?
Tom L Humphries in 1975
What are the five types of audism?
Physical, linguistic, cultural, internalised, dysconcious
What is physical audism?
When a deaf person is judged incapable of a given behaviour, skill, job, ability or achievement due to hearing loss. Partly a reflection of natural belief by hearing people in their own superiority. Partly responsible for higher unemployment rate
What is linguistic audism?
Mainly linked to education. Discrimination against use of sign language - i.e banning signs in school, leading to oral education
What is cultural audism?
Rejection of deaf people as a cultural entity. It can be criticism against the rights of Deaf people to have a culture. Subtle examples is minimisation of Deaf people in history (eg. Anne Sullivan, Princess Alice of Battenburg)
What is internalised audism?
Discrimination within the Deaf community. Deaf people may discriminate based on what they thought to be the ‘right’ behaviour, use of language or social association
What is dysconcious audism?
Describes how someone thinks - when someone has a belief so deep they don’t recognise it. Applied by those Deaf people who chose not to sign or join the Deaf culture/community
What is the difference between surdophobia and audism? Is there any overlap?
There isn’t any overlap
