Supreme Court Cases Flashcards
date,explanation, score
What was the impact of Roe v. Wade (1973)?
Established the constitutional right to abortion based on the right to privacy under the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment. Prohibited states from banning abortion before viability (approximately 24 weeks).
What standard did Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992) replace Roe’s trimester framework with?
The ‘undue burden’ standard.
What was the ruling of Gonzales v. Carhart (2007) regarding the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act?
Upheld the federal Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003, ruling that it did not impose an undue burden on abortion rights.
What was the outcome of Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2022)?
Overturned Roe v. Wade, eliminating the constitutional right to abortion and allowing states to set their own abortion laws.
What did Adarand Constructors v. Pena (1995) rule regarding race-based policies?
Ruled that race-based policies or affirmative action programs by the federal government must pass ‘strict scrutiny.’
Which affirmative action policy was struck down in Gratz v. Bollinger (2003)?
The University of Michigan’s undergraduate affirmative action policy due to its points-based system for minority applicants.
What did Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action (2014) uphold?
Michigan’s voter-approved ban on affirmative action in public university admissions.
What was the ruling of UT-Austin v. Fisher (2016) regarding affirmative action?
Upheld the University of Texas’s affirmative action policy under strict scrutiny.
What was the impact of Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard (2023)?
Declared that race-conscious admissions programs violated the Equal Protection Clause, effectively ending affirmative action in higher education.
What did Shelby County v. Holder (2013) strike down?
The preclearance formula in the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
What was the ruling of Allen v. Milligan (2023) regarding Alabama’s congressional map?
Reaffirmed Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, ruling that Alabama’s map diluted Black voters’ power.
What was upheld in Haaland v. Brackeen (2023)?
The Indian Child Welfare Act, preserving tribal sovereignty and culture.
What did Printz v. United States (1997) rule about the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act?
Struck down parts of the act, ruling that the federal government cannot require state officials to enforce federal gun laws.
What right did DC v. Heller (2008) protect?
An individual’s right to possess a firearm unconnected to service in a militia.
What was the significance of McDonald v. Chicago (2010)?
Incorporated the Second Amendment to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
What did NYSRPA v. Bruen (2022) expand?
Second Amendment protections by striking down New York’s ‘proper cause’ requirement for concealed carry.
What right did Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) guarantee?
The right to legal counsel for defendants in criminal cases who cannot afford an attorney.
What rights did Miranda v. Arizona (1966) establish?
Miranda rights, requiring law enforcement to inform suspects of their rights during interrogations.
What did Riley v. California (2014) hold regarding cell phone searches?
Police must obtain a warrant before searching the contents of a cell phone seized during an arrest.
What was the outcome of Furman v. Georgia (1972)?
Temporarily halted the death penalty nationwide, ruling its arbitrary application violated the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments.
What did Atkins v. Virginia (2002) prohibit?
The execution of intellectually disabled individuals as a violation of the Eighth Amendment.
What was upheld in Baze v. Rees (2008)?
The constitutionality of lethal injection as a method of execution.
What did Hall v. Florida (2010) strike down?
Florida’s rigid IQ cutoff for determining intellectual disability in death penalty cases.
What did Texas v. Johnson (1989) rule regarding flag burning?
Held that burning the American flag is protected symbolic speech under the First Amendment.
