Supreme Court Cases

Question 1

Marbury V. Madison

Answer 1

Established the power and authority of the U.S. Supreme court to exercise Judicial Review

Question 2

McCullouch vs. Maryland

Answer 2

The Constitutionality of the Bank of the U.S. by overturing the state of Maryland’s rights to tax this federal institution. (Elastic Clause)

Question 3

Gibbons vs. Ogden

Answer 3

Upheld “necessary and proper clause”, Congress can make laws not listed in the Constitution

Question 4

Dred Scott vs. Sanford

Answer 4

African American slaves were not citizens, had no right to sue in court, and declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional

Question 5

Plessy vs. Ferguson

Answer 5

Right for southern states to segregate African Americans and whites. Established “separate but equal clause”

Question 6

Schenck vs. US

Answer 6

ruled that freedom of speech is not absolute

Question 7

Brown vs. Board of Education

Answer 7

ruling that race-based school segregation violates the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment

Question 8

Korenatsu v. United States

Answer 8

Japanese concentration camps were constitutional

Question 9

Engel vs. Vitale

Answer 9

Recitation of a nondenominational prayer inn public schools violated the establishment clause

Question 10

Mapp vs. Ohio

Answer 10

Illegally seized by police without a proper search warrant could not be used in criminal cases in state courts

Question 11

Baker vs. Carr

Answer 11

“One-person-one vote”, ensuring that urban constituencies were represented proportionally equal to rural area constituents

Question 12

Gideon vs. Wainwright

Answer 12

6th amendment guarantees an attorney to poor defendants in criminal prosecutions

Question 13

Miranda v. Arizona

Answer 13

Detained suspects must be informed of their rights to remain silent and right to an attorney before questioning. (Miranda Rights)

Question 14

Tinker v. Des Moines

Answer 14

Students have the right to symbolic speech as long as it doesn’t disrupt learning

Question 15

New York Times vs. U.S

Answer 15

Established a heavy presumption against prior restraint

Question 16

Roe v. Wade

Answer 16

Right of privacy to a women’s decision to have an abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy

Question 17

US vs. Nixon

Answer 17

President Richard Nixon to release the presidential recording that implicated the President in the Watergate scandal. (Rule of Law)

Question 18

Regents of the University of California vs. Bakke

Answer 18

Colleges and universities could use race as a factor in determining admission for their academic programs

Question 19

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier

Answer 19

School did have the right to censor students content because it was publisher of the paper

Question 20

Texas v. Johnson

Answer 20

1st amendment does protect the right to burn an American flag as an act of protest

Question 21

Shaw vs. Reno

Answer 21

Legislative redistricting must be conscious of race and ensure compliance with the Voting Rights act of !965

Question 22

United States vs. Lopez

Answer 22

A federal law banning possession of handguns near schools was unconstitutional. (Commerce Clause)

Question 23

Bush vs. Gore

Answer 23

Resolved the dispute surrounding the 200 presidential election by certifying the election results in Florida

Question 24

District of Columbia vs. Heller

Answer 24

2nd amendment protected the right of individuals to have arms for defense

Question 25

McDonald v. Chicago

Answer 25

2nd amendment does apply to, and thus limits, the power of state government

Question 26

Citizens United vs. FEC

Answer 26

1st amendment, the corporate funding of independent political broadcasts in candidate elections cannot be limited