Supreme Court Cases Flashcards
The arrest of a person in his home does not allow the warrantless search of the whole house incident to arrest.
Chimel v. California, 395 US 752 (1969)
An officer can briefly detain a person, based upon reasonable suspicion of criminal activity, long enough to dispel the suspicion or to allow it to rise to the level of probable cause for an arrest.
Terry v. Ohio, 392 US 1(1968)
The United States Supreme Court established an irrebuttable presumption that a statement is involuntary if made during a custodial interrogation without giving certain warnings beforehand.
Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1966)
The US Supreme Court applied the “exclusionary rule” to the states. Any evidence illegally obtained by the government cannot be used in court against the accused.
Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643 (1961)
The fact that the police misrepresented the statements that a co-defendant made is relevant, but insufficient to make this otherwise voluntary confession inadmissible. These cases must be decided by viewing the “totality of the circumstances.”
Frazier v. Cupp, 394 U.S. 731 (1969)
Government must turn over all exculpatory evidence that is “material” and has a reasonable probability of changing a conviction or a sentence. This evidence includes evidence that conflicts prosecution's witnesses, or evidence that could allow the defense to impeach the credibility of a prosecution witness.
Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963)
The government is required to disclose any impeachment evidence to the defense for government witnesses, including law enforcement officers. This material oftentimes includes non-prosecution agreements made between the government and a co-conspirator in exchange for their testimony.
Giglio v. United States, 405 U.S. 150 (1972)
