supreme court Flashcards
Brown V Board of Education of Topeka
1954
overturned the ‘separate but equal’ in favour of ‘separate is inherently unequal’
University of California V Bakke
1978
limitations on affirmative action to ensure it was not at the expense of the rights of the majority
Regents Vs Bakke
University of California’s quota system was unconstitutional but the court still upheld affirmative action
Adarand Constructors Vs Pena
affirmative action needs to be put under stricter scrutiny
Plessy Vs Fergusson
‘separate but equal’
not protecting rights which encourages segregation
Plyer Vs Doe 1982
can’t deny illegal children the right to education
Roe Vs Wade
legalised abortion in first trimester
14th amendment due process clause which has been found to mean right to privacy
Engel V Vitale
prayers recited in school was unconstitutional 1962
Citizens United V Federal Election Commission
businesses and unions have the same rights as individuals
affected campaign finance as 1st amendment grants companies freedom of speech and can use money to access freedom of speech
Texas V Johnson
violated freedom of expression as Texas banned flag burning
United States V Lopez
the Gun Free School Zone Act unconstitutional
allowing guns in schools
Dickerson V United States
right to remain silent (5th amendment) was upheld as Dickerson was not read his miranda rights
Miranda V Arizona
the accused must be read their legal rights before questioning by the police
based on 5th amendment
Marbury V Madison
gave supreme court power of judicial review over executive and legislative branch
United States V Nixon
no person is above the law and president can not use executive privilege to withhold evidence
Planned Parenthood V Casey
court upheld right to abortion
Clinton V City of NY
line item veto was unconstitutional as this gave the president legislative powers
George Bush Junior V Albert Gore
The state should recount the votes but it would be unconstitutional to order Florida to do so
Snyder V Phelps
upheld 1st amendment as gave right to protest anti gay outside military funerals as they are associated with government
DC V Heller
upheld the 2nd amendment as by not allowing him to have a handgun in his home for self defence violated his right to bear arms
Gonzales V Carhart
limited abortion rights by banning a particular procedure of abortion
Fisher V Texas II
using race to admit students to university was constitutional
Shelby County V Holder
section 4 of the Voting Rights Act was unconstitutional as it limited certain districts power to change their voting laws without going through process. not all states have to go through the same process
miller V alabama
ruled that 8th amendment (cruel and unusual punishment) means that juveniles can’t be sentenced for life in prison without parole
