Supreme Court Flashcards
Marbury vs. Madison
Established the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review over Congress.
1803 (4-0 decision)
McCulloch v. Maryland
Established the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review over Congress
1819 (7-0 decision)
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Denied citizenship to African American slaves
1857 (7-2 decision)
Plessy v. Ferguson
Upheld “separate but equal” segregation laws in states
1896 (7-1 decision)
Korematsu v. United States
Upheld internment of Japanese Americans during World War II
1944 (6-3 decision)
Brown v. Board of Education
Separating black and white students in public schools is unconstitutional
1954 (9-0 decision)
Gideon v. Wainwright
Criminal defendants have a right to an attorney even if they cannot afford one
1963 (9-0 decision)
New York Times v. Sullivan
Lawsuits based on libel or defamation must show intent or recklessness
1964 (9-0 decision)
Miranda v. Arizona
Prisoners must be advised of their rights before being questioned by police
1966 (5-4 decision)
Loving v. Virginia
Invalidated state laws prohibiting interracial marriage
1967 (9-0 decision)
Roe v. Wade
Women have a constitutional right to an abortion during the first two trimesters
1973 (7-2 decision)
United States v. Nixon
President cannot use executive privilege to withhold evidence from criminal trial
1974 (8-0 decision)
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Upheld use of race as one of many factors in college admissions
1978 (5-4 decision)
Bush v. Gore
No recount of the 2000 presidential election was feasible in a reasonable time period
2000 (5-4 decision)
Lawrence v. Texas
Struck down state laws that prohibited sodomy between consenting adults
2003 (6-3 decision)
District of Columbia v. Heller
Citizens have a right to possess firearms at home for self-defense
2008 (5-4 decision)
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission
Corporations and unions can spend unlimited amounts in elections
2010 (5-4 decision)
National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius
Upheld the mandate that most Americans have health insurance
2012 (5-4 decision)
Shelby County v. Holder,
States and localities do not need federal approval to change voting laws
2013 (5-4 decision)
Mapp v. Ohio
evidence obtained through an illegal search cannot be used at trial
“Fruit of the poisonous tree,”
1961 (6-3 decision)
Fisher v. University of Texas
The court rules that taking race into consideration as one factor of admission is constitutional
2016 (4-3 decision)
Terry v. Ohio
Stop and Frisks, under certain circumstances, do not violate the Constitution
1968 (8-1 decision)
Whole Woman’s Health v. Hellerstedt
Determining whether two key provisions in Texas’ House Bill 2, enacted in 2013, constituted an “undue burden” on women seeking abortions in Texas
2016 (5-3 decision)
Obergefell v Hodges
Same-sex marriage is legalized across all 50 states
2015 (5-4 decision)
