Supremacy and Direct Effect

Question 1

does union law always prevail

Answer 1

always prevails over provisions of national law whether passed before or after the treaties

Question 2

what is a case that shows that EU law will always prevail

Answer 2

internationale Handelsgesellschaft

COSTA V ENEL

Question 3

For a treaty to be directly effective what must it be

Answer 3

clear and consisse
unconditional
requires no further implementation

Question 4

direct effect can either be….

Answer 4

vertical - when EU law is invoked against the state

horizontal - when EU law is invoked against an individual

Question 5

name a case of horizontal direct effect

Answer 5

Deference v Sabena

Question 6

can directives have a horizontal direct effect

Answer 6

NO only vertical