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TMJ > supportive structures > Flashcards

supportive structures Flashcards

1
Q

Which direction do the fibers of the periodontal ligament run?

A

obliquely from cementum in a cervical direction to bone

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2
Q

what is the name of the anterior and posterior process of the mandible?

A 
Anterior= coronoid process
posterior= condyle
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3
Q

What bony structure is located posterior to the mandibular fossa? Which direction does it run?

A

Squamotympanic tissue which extends mediolaterally

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4
Q

What does the squamotympanic fissure divide into and in what directions?

A

As the squamotympanic fissure extends medially it divides into the petrosquamous fissure anteriorly & petrotympanic fissure posteriorly.

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5
Q

what is a ginglymoid joint?

A

Hinge joint

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6
Q

What is an arthrodial joint?

A

glinding joint

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7
Q

What type of joint is the TMJ considered? (three different names for diff classifications)

A

1) Ginglymoarthrodial joint (gliding & hinge)
2) Compound joint (requires presence of at least three bones) The articular disc serves as a nonossifed bone to make up the third of the TMJ
3) Synovial joint

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8
Q

what is the articular disc composed of?

A

Dense fibrous CT & has NO blood vessels or nerves (the extreme periphery of the disc is slightly inn)

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9
Q

What is the articular disc attached to posteriorly? Anteriorly?

A 
Posteriorly= Region of loose CT that is highly vascularized & inn called RETRODISCAL TISSUE 
Anteriorly= many elastic fibers--sup. retrodiscal lamina
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10
Q

what type of fibers make up the inferior retrodiscal lamina?

A

collagenous (elastic for superior retrodiscal lamina)

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11
Q

Which part of the disc attaches to the capsular ligament?

A

Superior & inferior attachments of the anterior region of the disc. Also medially and laterally–divides joint into two distinct cavities.

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12
Q

What are the two mechanisms in which synovial fluid lubricates the articular joint?

A

1) Boundary lubrication–joint moved & fluid moved in cavity–prevents friction & is primary mech. of lub.
2) Weeping lubrication–articular surface absorbs small amount of synovial fluid. Small amount is drawn out of surface during function (metabolic exchange–NOT for moving of joint, but compression)

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13
Q

What are the four zones of the articular surfaces of the mandibular condyle?

A

1) Articular (dense fibrous CT, with stand movement, better ability for repair than hyalin)
2) Proliferative (cellular, undiff. mesenchyme)
3) fibrocartilaginous (collagen fibrils-resist compressive & lateral forces)
4) calcified cartilage (chondrocytes & blasts for remodeling)

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14
Q

What arteries supply the TMJ?

A

1) superficial temporal A
2) Middle meningel A (posterior supply)
3) internal maxillary A from inferior.

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15
Q

What supplies the condyle with blood?

A

Inferior alveolar A

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16
Q

What are ligaments made up of?

A 
Collagenous CT 
(do not stretch--can be elongated over time which alters joint function)
17
Q

What are the five functional ligaments that support the TMJ?

A

1) collateral
2) capsular
3) temporomandibular

2 accessory ligs:

4) sphenomandibular
5) stylomandibular

18
Q

What do the collateral ligaments do?

A

Attach medial & lateral borders of disc to poles of condyle (there are two–“collateral”) Divide the joint mediolaterally into sup & inf cavities. RESTRICT movement AWAY from CONDYLE
***hinging movement of TMJ.

19
Q

What does the capsular ligament do?

A

Surrounds entire TMJ.
Resist medial, lateral, inferior forces that would dislocate surfaces.
Retains synovial fluid
Proprioceptive feedback of joint.

20
Q

What does the temporomandibular ligament do?

A

Two parts: outer oblique and inner horizontal.
Oblique–resists dropping of condyle & limits opening
Horizontal–limits posterior movement of condyle & disc. Protects retrodiscal tissues & lateral pterygoid mm from over extension.

21
Q

What does the sphenomandibular ligament do?

A

One of two accessory ligaments.
Attachment: spine of sphenoid–> lingula
No sig. limiting effects

22
Q

What does the stylomandibular ligament do?

A

One of two accessory ligaments.
Attachment: styloid process–> angle ramus
Limits excessive protrusive movements.

23
Q

T/F Fast or type II mm fibers have more mitochondria?

A

FALSE: Fast fibers have fewer mitochondria and rely more on anaerobic activity. They are capable of quick contraction but fatigue more rapidly. Slow fibers or type I have well-developed aerobic metabolism and resist fatigue.

24
Q

What are the four mm of mastication?

A

Masseter, temporalis, medial & lateral pterygoids

25
Q

What is the function of the masseter?

A

ELEVATION of mandible & protrusion

26
Q

What are the attachments of the Temporalis?

A

Temporal fossa–> coronoid process and anterior border of ramus.

27
Q

What are the functions of the temporalis mm?

A

ELEVATE & RETRUDE the mandible.

28
Q

What are the attachments of the medial pterygoid?

A

medial surface of lateral Pterygoid plate–> angle of the mandibular rams

29
Q

What is the function of the medial pterygoid?

A

ELEVATE & protrusion of mandible.

30
Q

what innervates the mm of mastication?

A

Mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve V3

31
Q

What are the attachments of the inferior lateral pterygoid? Actions?

A

Inferior: lateral pterygoid plate–> neck of condyle

Action: protrusion, DEPRESSION, mediotrusive movement

32
Q

What is the attachment and action for the superior lateral pterygoid? Actions?

A

infratemporal surface of the greater sphenoid wing–> articular disc

Action: inactive with opening–active with elevator mm (POWER STROKE–>closure against resistance)

33
Q

T/F Ligaments actively participate in joint function?

A

FALSE: act as guide wires restricting functions

34
Q

What three mm pairs act in closing/elevation of the mandible?

A

Anterior fibers of TEMPORALIS
Masseter
Medial pterygoid

35
Q

What mm aid/act in depression of the jaw?

A

Lateral pterygoids are assisted by the anterior belly of the digastric. & omahyoid mm.

36
Q

While chewing gum your jaw deviates to the right. Which mm is active in this action?

A

jaw movement= LATERAL EXCURSION= lateral pterygoid. The jaw is moving right so its the LEFT lateral pterygoid
(lateral excursions are contraction of the lateral pterygoid OPPOSITE THE MOVEMENT)

TMJ (1 decks)

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