Support for the Nazi's Flashcards

1
Q

What was the effect on unemployment?

A

Unemployment fell from 4.8 million in 1933 to 0.3 million in 1939

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2
Q

National Labour Service

A

Started in 1933 to provide paid work for the unemployed in public works. Made compulsory in 1935 for all young men to serve 6 months in the RAD - unpopular, organised like an army (uniforms, marches, camps) and food/ working conditions were poor

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3
Q

When did the National Labour Service start?

A

1933

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4
Q

When was it made compulsory to serve 6 months in the RAD?

A

1935

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5
Q

What did the Nazi’s believe about unemployment?

A

The unemployed were a waste of resources and a burden to society

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6
Q

How many were employed in the RAD in 1935?

A

422,000

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7
Q

Autobahns

A

A public works scheme, aiming to build a 7,000 mile network of dual carriage ways, began in September 1933 and the first stretch was opened in 1935

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8
Q

Positive effects of Autobahns

A

Improved transport for industry and agriculture which boosted the sale of German goods

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9
Q

How many were employed in Autobahns in 1935?

A

125,000

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10
Q

How were employment statistics manipulated?

A

Women and Jews were forced to give up work but did not appear in unemployment statistics, people with part-time jobs were counted as full-time employment, many put in prisons or concentration camps which lowered unemployment, in normal peace-times those working in rearmament would need proper jobs, unemployment was falling everywhere as countries recovered from the Great Depression

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11
Q

How did government spending on public works change?

A

Spending on public works grew from 18 billion marks in 1933 to 38 billion marks in 1939

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12
Q

Rearmament

A

Made compulsory in 1935 for all young men to spend a period of time in the armed forces

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13
Q

How many men were in the armed forces by 1939?

A

1,360,000

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14
Q

How did the increasing size of the armed forces affect government spending on arms?

A

Bigger armed forces needed more weaponry so government spending on arms rose from 3.5 billion in 1933 to 26 billion in 1939 - caused an increase of employment in the arms industry

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15
Q

Affect on wages

A

Wages were 20% higher in 1939 than in 1933 however price of goods was 45% higher in 1939 than in 1933 so wages had to compensate for this - low earners had to use their extra wages to cover the higher cost of essentials

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16
Q

Due to the increase in wages, higher earners had money to spend on luxury goods…

A

Number of car owners trebled in the 1930’s

17
Q

The Labour Front (DAF)

A

Set up in 1933 to protect the rights of workers (in replacement of trade unions)

18
Q

When were trade unions banned?

19
Q

Negative effects of the DAF

A

Under the DAF workers lost their right to negotiate improvements in pay/ working conditions, maximum length of working week increased by 6 hours and the DAF could punish workers who disrupted production

20
Q

How did the maximum length of working week change under the DAF?

A

The maximum length of the working week increased by 6 hours

21
Q

Strength through Joy (KdF)

A

Division of the DAF set up in 1933 to make the benefits of work more enjoyable - provided leisure activities (sports events, films, shows) - mostly low-key but well supported

22
Q

How many members in the KdF were there by 1939?

A

35 million members by 1939

23
Q

Voltswagen (the people’s car)

A

The KdF encouraged workers to give 5 marks a week which would eventually entitle them to a Voltswagen - money was used to set up factories

24
Q

Why did German workers never receive their Voltswagen?

A

In 1938 Voltswagen factories switched to arms production - no worker received their car or money back

25
Beauty of Labour (SdA)
Encouraged better working facilities by giving employers tax breaks to help with building and decoration costs - however it was normal for employees to do the building decoration themselves outside of working hours at no extra pay
26
The Swing Youth
Emerged from wealthier families. Rebelled against Nazi control over culture - danced, drank alcohol, smoked, listened to jazz (considered Negro music)
27
The Edelweiss Pirates
Emerged from working class districts of cities. Resented the military discipline over youth groups and the lack of freedom - wore American style clothing and sang pre-1933 folk songs
28
How many members of the Hitler Youth were there?
8 million
29
How many members of the Edelweiss Pirates were there?
2,000
30
Why didn't opposition from the young pose much of a threat?
Seen as a nuisance rather than a threat, concerned about cultural issues rather than political
31
Catholic opposition
Priests spoke out against Nazi ideas - 400 send to the Preists' block at Dachau Concentration Camp
32
Protestant opposition
Pastors Emergency League (PEL) founded in 1933, Confessing Church founded in 1934 by the PEL opposing Nazi interference in religion
33
How many Pastors joined the Confessing Church?
6,000 joined, 800 arrested and sent to concentration camps
34
Martin Niemoller
Opposed Nazi interference in the running of the Protestant Church, opposed the ban on Jews becoming Christians - founded the PEL in 1933