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biology > support and movement > Flashcards

support and movement Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

pectoral girdle comprises of :

A

scapula, suprascapula and clavicle

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2
Q

similarity b/w cartilage and bone

A

both are produced by the specialized mesenchymal cells

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3
Q

major organic component of bone

A

collagen

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4
Q

major inorganic component of bone

A

calcium

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5
Q

as bone grows, the matrix of bone is hardened and the ____ are gradually entrapped within it

A

osteoblasts (bone forming cells)

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6
Q

tendon

A

connective tissue (bone-muscle)

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7
Q

humerus forms ball and socket joint with

A

scapula

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8
Q

humerus hinge joint formation with

A

ulna

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9
Q

the framework of palm of hand is formed by :

A

metacarpals

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10
Q

cheek bone is scientifically called as

A

zygomatic bone

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11
Q

eye orbit

A

lacrimal bone

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12
Q

correct seq of vertebrae

A

cervical, thoracic, lumber, pelvic

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13
Q

NOT a bone of skull

a) parietal
b) occipital
c) femur
d) temporal

A

femur

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14
Q

a) numbr of vertebrae
b) bones of vertebral column

A

vertebrae: 33
bones : 26

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15
Q

which bone in the human bone is longest

A

femur

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16
Q

NOT part of human vertebral column

1) sacrum
2) coccyx
3) scapula
4) cervical vertebrae

A

scapula

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17
Q

knee kap bone

A

patella

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18
Q

bone that connects ankle and toe

A

tarsal

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19
Q

joint that connects femur with pelvis

A

ball and socket joint

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20
Q

joint that connects thigh bone to shin bone

A

hinge joint

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21
Q

joint located in human spine

A

pivot joint

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22
Q

joint that connects radius and ulna

A

pivot joint (allows rotation)

23
Q

joint that connects two pelvic bones & allows limited movement during child birth

A

symphysis joint (b/w two coxal bones)

24
Q

connective tissues that surround muscle fibers

A

fascia

25
Q

process by which muscle fibers inc in size and strength

A

hypertrophy

26
Q

neurotransmitter released from motor neurons & stimulate muscle fibers to contract

A

acetylcholine

27
Q

protein responsible for generating force in skeletal muscles during contraction

A

myosin

28
Q

in high magnification each muscle fiber contains a large number of

A

myofibrils

29
Q

twisting around the actin chains are two strands of another protein

A

tropomyosin

30
Q

contractions where cross bridges are unable to detach

A

muscle fatigue

31
Q

intermittent muscular spasms due to malfunction of parathyroid glands and deficiency of calcium

A

tetany

32
Q

infection can be treated by antibiotics

A

tetanus

33
Q

uni nucleate cells w pointed ends

A

smooth muscles

34
Q

smooth muscles are also called

A

visceral muscles

35
Q

incorrect abt visceral muscles

A

they are under voluntary control

36
Q

correct match for muscle fiber

A

endoplasmic reticulum of muscle fiber is called

SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM

37
Q

binding of Ca++ with ____ leads to exposure of binding site for _____ on the filament ____

A

troponin, myosin, actin

38
Q

once myosin head attach with actin

A

ATP is hydrolyzed and bridge goes to cycle

39
Q

protein that blocks myosin binding sites on actin during relaxation

A

tropomyosin

40
Q

when calcium ion is released muscle fiber attach with

A

troponin C

41
Q

bone that form back of skull

A

occipital

42
Q

bone in middle ear that transmits sound waves

A

stapes

43
Q

bone of forearm located on the side of thumb

A

radius

44
Q

bone that makes up the lower jaw

A

mandible

45
Q

type of cartilage found in intervertebral discs

A

fibrocartilage

46
Q

bone tissue formation process

A

ossification

47
Q

most common type of cartilage found in human body

A

hyaline cartilage

48
Q

bone cell responsible for bone resorption

A

osteoclasts (large, multinucleated)

49
Q

what happens to calcium ions during muscle relaxation

A

actively transported out of muscle cell

50
Q

role of calcium in muscle contraction

A

facilitates binding of actin and myosin leading to muscle contraction

51
Q

true statement about smooth muscles

A

maintain contraction for a longer period of time

52
Q

NOT a characteristic of smooth muscle

A

they’re NOT multinucleated

53
Q

true statement abt regulation of cardiac muscle contraction

A

regulated by autonomic nervous system and harmones

biology (3 decks)

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