Supplychain Flashcards
Triple bottom line
People planet profit
Competitieve dimensions
- Cost/price
2.product/service quality - delivery speed
- Delivery reliability
- Coping with changes in demand
- Flexibility and new product introdution speed
Risk management OSCM
SUPPLYCHAIN COORDINATION RISKS
Day to day management
Safetystocks
DISRUPTION RISK
Disasters
Other product specific criteria
Technical liaison & support
* Ability to meet a launch date
* Supplier after-sales support
* Environmental impact
* Other dimensions
Risk management framework steps
- Indentify source of potential disruption (identify)
- Assess the potential impact of the risk (impact)
- Develop plans to mitigate the risk (plan)
Strategic sourcing
The development and management of supplier relationships to acquire goods and services in a way that aids achieving the immediate needs of the business
Strategic sourcing: specificity
refers to how common the item is and, in a
relative sense, how many substitutes might be available
Strategic sourcing: request proposal (RFP)
used for purchasing complex or expensive
items; number of potential vendors; vendor responds with proposal
Strategic sourcing: Request for bid/serverce auction
Same as RFP, but vendors bid in real
time
Strategic sourcing: Vendor managed inventory
when a customer actually
allows the supplier to manage the inventory policy for an
item or group of items
Strategic Sourcing
Supplychain uncertainty framework
Functional products
- Porduct live cycle more than two years
- Conctrobution margin of 5 to 20 percent
- Only 10 tot 20 product variation
- An average forecast error of only 10 percent
- Lead time six months to one year
Supply proces: Stable process
manufacturing process and underlying
technology are mature and supply base is well established.
Evolving supply process:
manufacturing process and underlying
technology are still under early development and are rapidly changing.
Supply base is limited in both size and experience.
Supplycahin strategies (framework): efficient
- Utilize strategies aimed at creating the highest cost efficiency
- Non-value-added activities should be eliminated
- Scale economies are aimed
- Optimization techniques are employed
- Efficient, accurate and cost effective transmission of information is
required
Supplychain strategies (framework): risk hediging
- Utilize strategies aimed at pooling and sharing resources in a supply
chain to share risk - Common in retailing
- Real-time information sharing allows most cost-effective management
of goods between partners sharing the inventory
Supplychain strategies (framework): Responsive
- Utilize strategies aimed at being responsive and flexible
- Build-to-order and mass customization processes are used
Supplychain strategies (framework): Agile
- Utilize strategies aimed at being responsive and flexible to customer
needs - Risks of supply shortages or disruptions are hedged by pooling
inventory and other capacity resources - Combine the strength of “hedged” and “responsive” chains.
Green sourcing steps
- Asses opperttunity
- Engage sourcing agents
- Asses the supply base
- Develop sourcing strategie
- Implement sourcing stragy
- Institunalize the sourcing strategy
Rainforest alliance certifed
Companies that have green sourcing
Acquisiton cost
Purchase planning costs
Quality costs
Taxes
Purchase price
Financing costs
Ownership costs:
Energy costs
Maintenance and repair
Financing
Supply chain/network cost
Post ownership costs
Disposal
Environment cost
Warranty cost
Product liability cost
Customer dissatisfaction
cost
Production proces
- Source
- Make
- Deliver
Little’s law
Inventory = throughput rate x flow time
Production process matrix
Production process design: Project layout
- The product remains in a fixed location
- Labor, material, and equipment are moved to the product
- A project layout may be developed by arranging materials according to their assembly
priority
Production process design: workcenter layout
Bepaalde apparatuur staat op dezelfde plek
- - Most common approach to developing this type of layout is to arrange workcenters in
a way that optimizes the movement of material
* Optimal placement often means placing workcenters with high levels of
interdepartmental traffic adjacent to each other
* Sometimes is referred to as a job shop and is focused on a particular type of
operation
* Competes on quality, speed of delivery, customization, innovation, not economies of
scale
Production process design: Manufacturing cell layout
- A dedicated area where products that are similar in process requirements are
produced - Cells are designed to perform a specific set of processes
- Dedicated to a limited range of products, typically at lower volumes
Production process design: assembly line
- Work processes are arranged according to the progressive steps by which the product is made
- Area where an item is produced through a fixed sequence of workstations, designed to achieve
a specific production rate
Production process design: Continuos process
- Similar to assembly line, follows a pre-determined sequence of steps, but flow is
continuous. - Usually highly automated structures
- May constitute an “integrated” machine operating 24 hours a day