supplychain

Question 1

What is the decoupeling point in a supply chain?

Answer 1

is where inventory is stored to let different parts work independently. Moving it upstream means keeping inventory closer to the beginning, often with suppliers, allowing for more flexible production based on customer orders.

Question 2

What kind of production strategy is Assemble to order?

Answer 2

some parts of a product are put together beforehand, but the final assembly is done only after a customer places an order. This way, companies can make customized products for each customer while still having some parts ready in advance.

Question 3

what kind of production strategy is Engineer to order?

Answer 3

designed and made to meet each customer’s specific needs. Production starts after the customer places an order and gives specific details. This way, customers get exactly what they want. (usually leads to longer wait time)

Question 4

What kind of production strategy is Make to order?

Answer 4

products are only produced after a customer places an order. This means that there is no pre-built inventory, and each product is made based on the specific requirements of the customer’s order.
(Kind of like engineering to order but less costumized)

Question 5

what kind of production strategy is Make to stock?

Answer 5

making products in advance and keeping them in inventory before customers order them. This is done based on predictions of how many products will be needed.

It’s like making a bunch of items and putting them on store shelves before anyone buys them.

Question 6

What is Material and information flow?

Answer 6

Matetialf flow refers to the movevment of physcial goods and material in the supplychain.

Information flow refers data and infromation to coordinate different tasks decisions in the supplychain.

Question 7

what is Material Requirements planning?

Answer 7

Material Requirements Planning (MRP) is a system used in manufacturing to make sure the right materials are available when needed for making products.

It helps avoid shortages and excess inventory by planning production schedules based on demand and inventory levels.

Question 8

what is master prdouction Scheduling

Answer 8

Master Production Scheduling (MPS) is a plan that decides what products to make, how many, and when, based on customer orders and production capacity. It helps coordinate production activities and manage inventory levels effectively.

Question 9

Sales and operations planning

Answer 9

Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP) is a process where businesses coordinate sales forecasts with production plans to meet customer demand efficiently while minimizing costs.

Question 10

What is outboundlogistics

Answer 10

Outbound logistics refers to the process of managing and controlling the movement of finished products from the manufacturing plant (upstream) to the end customers.(downstream)

It involves activities such as order processing, warehousing, transportation, and distribution to ensure timely delivery of products to customers.

Question 11

What is inbound logistics?

Answer 11

Inbound logistics refers to the management and control of the flow of materials, parts, and supplies from suppliers to the manufacturing or production facility.

It involves activities such as purchases, receiving, storage, and inventory management

Question 12

Bullwhip effect..

Answer 12

Variability of demand as it moves upstream in the supply chain.

Question 13

what is order lead time?

Answer 13

Order lead-time refers to the duration of time it takes from the moment a customer places an order for a product until the product is delivered to the customer.

It encompasses the entire process, including order processing, production or procurement, and transportation.

Question 14

what is internal logistics?

Answer 14

Internal logistics refers to the movement and management of materials, goods, and resources within a company’s facilities or operations.

It involves activities such as material handling, inventory control, and storage management within warehouses, distribution centers, and production facilities

Question 15

Briefly explain what is the role of sales & operations planning (S&OP) in supply chains?

Answer 15

ensures that sales forecasts and production plans are aligned to meet customer demand efficiently.

It coordinates functions like sales, production, finance, and inventory management, optimizing resources and minimizing costs.

Question 16

What is internal intergration?

Answer 16

means coordinating different departments within a company, like production, procurement, and sales, to work together smoothly. It ensures that everyone is aligned to meet customer needs and achieve business goals effectively.

Question 17

What is external intergration?

Answer 17

External integration in a supply chain means working closely with external partners like suppliers, distributors, and customers. It involves sharing information and resources to improve efficiency and customer satisfaction.

Question 18

What is just in time Inventory management

Answer 18

JIT is a form of inventory management that requires working closely with suppliers so that raw materials arrive as production is scheduled to begin, but no sooner. The goal is to have the minimum amount of inventory on hand to meet demand.

Question 19

what is a buffer stock?

Answer 19

Buffer stock, also called safety stock, is extra inventory a company keeps to avoid running out of products. It acts as a backup in case of unexpected changes in demand or supply chain delays, ensuring customers can still get what they need.

Question 20

How does ’’Time management’’ affect the supply chain and its strategy

Answer 20

● increased responsiveness to customer needs;

● managing increased variety;

● increased product innovation;

● improved return on investment for new products;

● reducing risk by relying less on sales forecasts.

Question 21

Name a few differences between Agila and lean supply chains

Answer 21

Approach to Change

Planning and Execution:

Customer Focus:

Risk Management:

Organizational Structure:

Smaller badges of supplies but for different reasons

Partnerships

Focuses on different product life cycles

Question 22

what is sales & operations planning

Answer 22

involves forecasting demand for both existing and new products, and then translating these forecasts into

operational plans for sourcing, manufacturing, storing, and delivering goods to meet demand effectively.

Question 23

What is internal integration and how does it differs from external integration?

Answer 23

Internal integration
means coordinating different departments within a company, like production, procurement, and sales, to work together smoothly. It ensures that everyone is aligned to meet customer needs and achieve business goals effectively

External integration
External integration in a supply chain means working closely with external partners like suppliers, distributors, and customers. It involves sharing information and resources to improve efficiency and customer satisfaction.

Question 24

What is pull and push scheduling?

Answer 24

Pull scheduling: also known as a demand-driven approach, involves producing goods based on actual customer demand.

push scheduling, also known as a supply-driven approach, involves producing goods based on forecasts or production plans.

Question 25

what is order winners and Market qualifiers?

Answer 25

Order winners are critical factors that strongly influence products to secure orders in the market. Customers consider these factors crucial when deciding to purchase a product or service.

Order qualifiers are the fundamental criteria that products or services must meet to even be considered by the market. These are the basic standards that customers expect and require before they will even consider purchasing a product or service.

Question 26

what is Costumer order decoupling point?

Answer 26

The point in the supplychain where not finalized products are stored until customer orders are placed inorder to be cusomized based on their demand and preferences

Question 27

what is form postponement and logisticpostponement?

Answer 27

Form postponement

refers to the practice of delaying the final steps of the production process until customer orders are received.

Highly customizable

More forecast driven

CCDP between basic manufacturing and finalized manufacturing

Logistic postponement

In essence, make-to-stock (MTS) involves postponing only the distribution of products until an order is received. This means that inventory is centralized in a distribution center

Make to stock

Less customizable (only labels, pacacking etc is customized)

CODP at distribution center where they finalize small customisation like labeling and packing

Question 28

What are the benefits from form and logistical postponements?

Answer 28

Reduced inventory

Increased flexibility

Cost savings

Enhanced customer satisfaction

Reduced risk of obsolescence and overproduction

Question 29

Mention 4 different competitive advantages that can be achieved through effective and efficient logistic management

Answer 29

Time: Keeping lead time short

Cost: Creates high profit margin with lower prices for customers and more sales

quality: Creating good quality products with no defects for the customer (sometimes investing more money in quality can lead to more profits because of less defects which leads to less return and waste)

sustainability: Environmentally friendly products and services

Question 30

Mention 4 risks of international logistics

Answer 30

Extended lead time
price and currency fluctuations
different laws
cultural clashes

Question 31

What is P-time and D-time in supply chain management?

Answer 31

Production lead (P-time) is the time it takes for the product to go through the whole pipeline from the first step in the supplychain when it is raw materials until it is a finished product and received by the customer downstream

The demand time (d-time ) is the time the customer is willing to wait to receive the product

Question 32

What is total cost of ownership (TCO)?

Answer 32

Total cost of ownership (TCO) is the purchase price of an asset plus the costs of operation

An example can be buying a car you pay for the car but also have to pay for insurance, gas and maintenance as well and the total cost it the TCO

Question 33

Explain the components of Kraljic purchase portfolio matrix

Answer 33

Leverege item (High, high): High profit impact material, but many suppliers within the market.
Example: satellite navigation screen (tesla)

Strategic items: (low,high): Materials with high profit, but are limited in the market (lithum, tesla)’

Non critical items: (high,low): Items that have low profit impact but there is alot of them in the market (bolts, tires at tesla)

Bottleneck items: (low,low): Supplies that have low profit impact for the supplychain, but are also limited in the market. (Seat fabric, tesla)

Question 34

Explain the components of Kraljic purchase portfolio matrix