Supplementary materials Flashcards
1
Q
What are the microbiological hazards in cheese?
A
- Slow acidification leads to growth of S. aureus.
- Salmonella, enteropathogenic E. coli.
2
Q
What is somatic hypermutation?
A
- Somatic hypermutation is the mutation of antibody genes to create new antigen specificities, which leads to stronger and more specific response to antigen
- Somatic hypermutation occurs in activated B cells
- V, D, J gene segments mutate, this mutation encodes antigen-binding region of antibody.
- As B Cells is continually stimulated by antigen, the Fab region of antibody can be fine-tuned.
- B cells with low affinity dies, while B cells with high affinity live on in a process called affinity maturation.
- The results is a collection of B cells whose receptor have a higher average affinity for their cognate antigen. Antigen of higher specificity can be produced by the hypermutated B-cells.
3
Q
Where do T-cells mature?
A
- Thymus
4
Q
What are some factors that may affect immunity?
A
- Gut microflora
- Genetics
- Nutrition
