Supplemental Jurisdiction

Question 1

Supplemental jurisdiction

Answer 1

Supplemental jurisdiction gets CLAIMS, not cases, that cannot use diversity or federal question SMJ to get into a federal case
-Case must already be in federal court by way of DJ/FQ
-Any additional, counter, or cross claims that do not satisfy the requirements for DJ/FQ can be heard if they invoke supplemental jurisdiction

Question 2

Common nucleus test

Answer 2

Any additional, counter, or cross claim must share a “common nucleus of operative fact” with the claim that satisfied federal SMJ:
-When a claim arises from the same transaction or occurrence as the underlying case
-For exam purposes: remember name of “common nucleus test,” but it essentially just means arises from same T/O

Question 3

Diversity-plaintiff limitation

Answer 3

In DIVERSITY cases, PLAINTIFFS cannot get claims in through supplemental jurisdiction unless:
-There are multiple plaintiffs + one claim doesn’t meet the controversy requirement
i.e., P1 from Texas has a $100K state law claim and P2 from New York has a $50K claim arising from the same T/O against D from Florida

Question 4

Discretion

Answer 4

Even if the requirements for supplemental jurisdiction are met, a court can decline it
-Most likely because the claim on which federal SMJ is based was dismissed early in the case