Superstitious behaviour Flashcards
Superstitious behaviour might occur when…
there is a temporal relation between a response and a reinforcer but not a causal one
there is a causal relation between a response and a reinforcer but not a temporal one
there is a temporal relation between a response and a reinforcer but not a causal one
Fixed time schedules can produce responding characteristic of…
fixed interval schedules
variable interval schedules
variable time schedules
fixed interval schedules
Supersitious behaviours are easy to develop.
True
False
true
Supersitious behaviours don’t drift over time.
True
False
false
Rule-governed behaviour….
arises through contacting reinforcers
arises through contacting punishers
arises through verbal antecedents
arises through verbal antecedents
What are the two explanations of superstitious behaviour?
that we cannot discriminate causal relations of our behaviour
we are born with superstitions
we are biased in attributing responsibility for our behaviour to maximise reinforcement and avoid punishment
that we cannot discriminate causal relations of our behaviour
we are biased in attributing responsibility for our behaviour to maximise reinforcement and avoid punishment
Type 2 superstition is when we behave as though our behaviour caused a reinforcer when there is no causal relation.
True
False
false
Else Gwinner was accused of witchcraft (she died in 1601). She resisted torture for a while, then confessed, but as soon as the torture stopped, she withdrew her confession. Confessing was:
positively punished
negatively punished
negatively reinforced
negatively reinforced
Values are mental entities.
True
False
False
Holding someone responsible is:
something only some personality types do
choosing to apply a consequence
not a behaviour
choosing to apply a consequence
You eat a strawberry and it makes you sick. You avoid strawberries in the future, but also raspberries and blueberries. This is an example of….
stimulus generalisation
response generalisation
stimulus generalisation
You teach a toddler to use a spoon and they start to use a fork without explicit training. This is an example of….
stimulus generalisation
response generalisation
response generalisation
You are teaching a child to identify objects that are yellow. In training, you show them a yellow card, a yellow pencil, a yellow taxi cab, and a yellow tiger. This is an example of…
incorporating common stimuli
multiple exemplar training
multiple exemplar training
Salience is the prominence / how obvious the stimulus is in the person’s environment.
True
False
True
What is a prompt?
a reinforcer
a stimulus you add to the environment to increase the likelihood of a correct response
a reinforcer you add to the environment to increase the likelihood of a correct response
a stimulus you add to the environment to increase the likelihood of a correct response
