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6GEO3 > Superpowers > Flashcards

Superpowers Flashcards

1
Q

What does the world systems theory include?

A

Core
Semi-Periphery
Periphery

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2
Q

What are the 5 stages of the modernisation theory?

A 
Traditional society
Transitional stage
Take off
Drive to maturity
High mass consumption
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3
Q

What is output measure?

A

Value of goods and services produced by all sectors of the economy (agriculture, energy, construction etc.)

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4
Q

What is expenditure measure?

A

Value of goods and services purchased by households and by government, investment in machinery and buildings - also includes value of exports minus imports

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5
Q

What is income measure?

A

Value of the income generated mostly in terms of profits and wages

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6
Q

How much does India import and export?

A

I: $23 billion
E: $142 billion

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7
Q

What do China and India import?

A

C: raw materials, manufactured goods
I: fossil fuels, gold/diamonds

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8
Q

What do China and India export?

A

C: manufactured goods, electronics
I: manufactured goods, medicine, rice

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9
Q

Describe the trade balance of China and India

A

India: negative/deficit
China: positive/surplus

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10
Q

Describe how Tata Steel shows reverse colonialism

A

Tata steel is losing a million a day and are begging to find a buyer
Shows how world power is changing and China/India are more powerful as investment and power is sent in opposite direction (out of UK)

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11
Q

What is FDI?

A

an investment made by a company or entity, based in one country, into a country or entity based in another country

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12
Q

How much did China’s inward FDI increased from and what was the biggest source in 2007?

A

From $46.9 billion to $69.5 billion

Hong Kong - $33.432 billion

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13
Q

How much did China’s outward FDI increase from and who was the biggest recipient?

A

From $2.5 billion in 2002 to $16.1 billion

Cayman Islands

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14
Q

Name an example of FDI by China and Japan to India

A

Chinese firms opening factories in India

Japan help India to invest in bullet trains

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15
Q

What is China, India and the UK’s HDI, GNI and SPI?

A

C: HDI (0.727), GNI (37.0), SPI (90)
I: HDI (0.609), GNI (33.6), SPI (102)
UK: HDI (0.907), GNI (36.2), SPI (13)

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16
Q

What is a positive and negative of HDI?

A

P: Wide spread use - revels clear global patterns
N: data from some developing countries may not be reliable and difficult to confirm

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17
Q

What is a positive and negative of GNI?

A

P: a measure of equality not average income
N: EU scores calculated for individual countries are difficult to compare with US

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18
Q

What is a positive and negative of SPI?

A

P: can systematically analyse the relationship between economic and social development
N: certain dimensions are not currently included

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19
Q

Describe China’s SPI score in terms of the 3 indicators (basic human needs, foundations of wellbeing, opportunity)

A

Best on nutrition and basic medical care and most opportunity to improve personal safety
Highest on access to basic knowledge and lags on ecosystem sustainability
Strongest on personal freedom and choice and most room to improve on personal rights

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20
Q

Describe India’s SPI score in terms of the 3 indicators (basic human needs, foundations of wellbeing, opportunity)

A

Best on nutrition and basic medical care and most opportunity to move on shelter
Highest on access to basic knowledge and legs on ecosystem sustainability
Strongest on personal freedom and choice and most room to improve on tolerance and inclusion

21
Q

What is GNI?

A

Total domestic and foreign output claimed by residents of a country
GDP + income by foreign residents - income earned in domestic economy by non residents

22
Q

What does the democracy index measure?

A

The state of democracy in 167 countries

23
Q

Where are the UK, India and China on the democracy index?

A

UK: 17 - full democracy
I: 35 - flawed democracy
China: 1136 - authoritarian regime

24
Q

What is infrastructure?

A

Basic facilities/services/installations needed for the functioning of a community/society

25
Q

What are subsidies?

A

Money the government gives to the public or corporates for selling essential goods and services at cheaper rates (opposite of taxation)

26
Q

What do India majorly offer subsidies on?

A

Food, fertiliser, petroleum

The actual subside spending has been more than was budgeted between 2008-2013

27
Q

What is extreme poverty?

A

Condition characterised by severe deprivation of basic human needs - including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter, education and information

28
Q

How much did the USA spend on military in 2014? what is this compared to China?

A

$601.1 billion
3x more than China
China is unlikely to catch up in the foreseeable future

29
Q

What is China the 3rd largest exporter of? How many of the countries border India?

A

Arms to 35 states

68%

30
Q

How many countries did India export defence equipment to in one year? name 3 examples of these countries and who the imports were mainly from

A

22
US, UK, Russia
Russia, USA

31
Q

What is demographic dividend?

A

Emerging middle class who consume things to create a high internal market - particularly India

32
Q

Why is India having a lower dependency ratio than China in 2050 important?

A

More youthful/working population to help India beat China

However, the one child policy being abolished may alter the difference

33
Q

What is the life expectancy in China?

A

76 - lower than East Asia and the Pacific

34
Q

What is the GNI per capita, GDP and population of China in 2014?

A

GNI: $7,400 - Higher than East Asia
GDP: $10.35 trillion
Pop: 1.364 billion

35
Q

What is the life expectancy in India?

A

68 - lower than South Asia but still rising so may overtake

36
Q

What is the GNI per capita, GDP and population of India in 2014?

A

GNI: $1,570
GDP: $2.049 trillion
Pop: 1.295 billion

37
Q

What was China’s GDP growth rate in 2013 and 2015?

A
  1. 7%

6. 8%

38
Q

What are China’s largest export and import partners?

A

E: USA, Hong Kong
I: South Korea, Japan, USA

39
Q

What is China’s military expenditure country comparison to the world?

A

40

40
Q

What was India’s growth rate in 2013 and 2014?

A
  1. 9%

7. 3%

41
Q

What are India’s largest export and import partners?

A

E: US, China
I: China

42
Q

What is India’s military expenditure country comparison to the world?

A

31

43
Q

How is the elderly share of the population in China predicted to change between now, 2013 and 2050?

A

8%
16%
24%
Older country than USA

44
Q

How is the percentage of China’s working age adults to support each elder expected to change between now, 2030 and 2050?

A
  1. 8
  2. 8
  3. 4
45
Q

Why is consumption increasing?

A

Ricer middle class - can afford more products

Large populations

46
Q

What is the impact equation for China and India?

A

C: population X CONSUMPTION
I: POPULATION x consumption

47
Q

How is China’s energy production sustainable?

A

Biggest producer of solar and has many wind farms

Three Gorges Dam

48
Q

What happened at the Paris conference in December 2015 that could change whether they become a superpower or not?

A

India/China have agreed to decrease carbon emissions - may affect economy growth and industry

6GEO3 (5 decks)

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