Superpowers Flashcards
Which countries did Soviet expand to in 1940s
Bulgaria, Romania, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia
When did Bulgaria become communist
1946
When did Romania become communist
1947
When did Poland become communist?
1947
When did Hungary become communist?
1947
When did Czechoslovakia become communist?
1948
Why did Stalin expand in eastern Europe in 1940s?
He wanted to create a buffer zone of satellite states
When did the telegram and iron curtain speech take place?
1946
What were the two telegrams in 1946?
The long telegram (USA) and the Novikov telegram (USSR)
When was the Truman doctrine announced?
1947
What did the Truman doctrine lead to?
The policy of containment and Stalin setting up cominform in 1947
When was the Marshall plan launched?
1948
What did Stalin call the Marshall plan?
Dollar imperialism
From the Marshall plan, how many countries received how much money by when?
By 1952, 17 European countries had received $13.7 billion
How did Stalin respond to the Marshall plan?
He set up Comicon in 1949.
What did the British and Americans form in Berlin?
Bizonia in 1947
When did the French add their zone Bizonia to form what?
Trizonia in 1948
Did Trizonia receive Marshall Aid
Yes
What was the currency in Trizonia?
The Deutschmark
What was the currency in the Soviet Zone?
The Ostmark
When did the Berlin Blockade and Airlift begin
June 1948
How much supplies were flown into Berlin from the Airlift (1948-49)
2.3 million tonnes
When was NATO formed
April 1949
Initial NATO members
USA, Britain, France, and 9 others
What was article 5
Introduced the idea of collective security- an attack on one was considered an attack on all
When did Greece and Turkey join NATO
1952
When did the Soviet Union create the Warsaw Pact
1955
When did West Germany join NATO
1955
When was the Korean War?
1950
Who supported South Korea
America and UN
Who supported North Korea
Soviet and Chinese forces
When was SEATO formed
1954
What did the Korean War lead to
A proxy war between the superpowers
How much money did America spend on the Korean War?
$67 billion
What did America do after 1964 (Korean War and SEATO)
Tripled their defence budget
By how much the Soviet union double the size of their army between 1950-55
From 2.8 mil to 5.6 mil
When did the USA develop the atomic bomb?
1945
When did the USSR develop the atomic bomb?
1949
When did the USA develop the hydrogen bomb?
1952
When did the USSR develop the hydrogen bomb?
1953
What is the ICBM?
Inter-continental ballistic missile
When did the USA develop the ICBM?
1957-58
When was the USSR‘s first successful test of the ICBM?
1957
What was the minimum range of the ICBM?
5000 km
When did Khrushchev become the Soviet leader?
1956
What did Khrushchev’s leadership contribute to?
The development of the theory of peaceful coexistence
Where did Khrushchev criticise Stalin and what was his policy?
In his secret speech, policy of de-Stalinisation
Who was hungry initially governed by and when?
By Rakosi from 1947–56
When was Rakosi replaced and by who?
In 1956 , by Gero and then by Nagy
What radical reforms to Hungary did Nagy propose?
Leaving the Warsaw pact, introducing freedom of speech and allowing political parties to form
What did Khrushchev use to invade Hungary and when?
He used the red army in November 1956
How many Hungarians were killed during the invasion?
20,000
When was Nagy removed from power and executed?
1958
Why did the West not intervene with Hungary?
America was preoccupied with the Suez crisis and upcoming presidential elections
