Superpowers

Question 1

Hard power

Answer 1

To coerce a country typically using military influence.

Question 2

Soft Power

Answer 2

To persuade a country using economic, political, or cultural influences

Question 3

Sphere of influence

Answer 3

An area beyond a country’s national borders where it feels it should have power without having any formal authority.

Question 4

Capitalism

Answer 4

An economic and political system where a country’s trade and industry is controlled by private sectors who seek profit rather then the state.

Question 5

Communism

Answer 5

A system of social organisation where all property is owned by the community and each person makes a contributes and receives according to their ability and needs.

Question 6

Neoliberalism

Answer 6

A political philosophy of free markets, free trade, privatisation, and increasing the business in society, whilst decreasing the influence of the government.

Question 7

Neocolonialism

Answer 7

To control a country through indirect means, typically a less developed country being controlled by a developed country.

Question 8

World systems theory

Answer 8

Divides countries into three groups based on political power, social standing, and economic/technological development.

Question 9

Modernisation theory

Answer 9

Is based on the view that to develop means to become modern by adopting Western cultural values and social institutions.

Question 10

Dependency theory

Answer 10

Is based around the idea that developed wealthy countries (core) are limiting the level of development of the poorer countries (periphery) from the control of the world economy.

Question 11

Free trade

Answer 11

When goods and services are bought and sold between countries without tariffs or quotas being applied.

Question 12

TNC

Answer 12

A transnational corporation is a corporation that operates in at least two countries.

Question 13

IGO

Answer 13

An intergovernmental organisation is a group of sovereign states working in a treaty with a common goal/purpose.

Question 14

IMF

Answer 14

The International Monetary Fund is an organisation that promotes international financial stability.

Question 15

WB

Answer 15

The world bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the government of low and middle income countries.

Question 16

WTO

Answer 16

The world trade organisation is an international organisation that aims to reduce trade barriers and create free trade.

Question 17

Environment degradation

Answer 17

Is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil.

Question 18

Consumerism

Answer 18

The idea that increasing of consumer spending on goods and services is the principal driver of economic growth.

Question 19

Emerging country

Answer 19

Countries that have begun to experience high rates of economic development, usually with rapid industrialisation and no longer relying primarily on agriculture.

Question 20

Hegemony

Answer 20

Political, economic, or military leadership/dominance over another state/group.

Question 21

Sphere of influence

Answer 21

An area or territory beyond a country’s national borders, over which it feels it should have power but without having any formal authority there.

Question 22

Geostrategy

Answer 22

A type of foreign policy guided by an understanding of physical geographical factors.

Question 23

Economic restructuring

Answer 23

When one sector such as the secondary industry is replaced by another such as the tertiary industry.

Question 24

Intellectual property rights

Answer 24

An international system to prevent new inventions from being copied illegally. e.g Trademark, copyright