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GCSE History > Superpower relations - Origins Of The Cold War > Flashcards

Superpower relations - Origins Of The Cold War Flashcards

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1
Q

In the Tehran conferende who did the USSR wage war against once Germany was defeated?

A

Japan

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2
Q

What was to be set up following the war?

A

The UN (United Nations)

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3
Q

What was added to the USSR in the Tehran conference?

A

An area of Eastern Poland was added to the USSR

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4
Q

When was the Tehran conference?

A

1943

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5
Q

When was the Yalta conference?

A

1945

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6
Q

How many zones was Germany and Berlin difided into in the Yalta conference?

A

4

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7
Q

What did the Yalta conference allow countries to do?

A

Allowed them to be liberated from German occupation to have free elections

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8
Q

In the Yalta conference what was said that the Soviet Union had?

A

They had a ‘sphere of influence’ over Eastern Europe

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9
Q

When was the Potsdam conference?

A

1945

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10
Q

In the Potsdam conference what happened to Germany and Berlin?

A

They were to be divided and demilitarised

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11
Q

What was new in Germany following the Potsdam conference?

A

There was now democracy in Germany

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12
Q

What did the Potsdam conference say that Germany had to give to the Allied nations?

A

Germany had to pay reparations to the allies

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13
Q

What was the Long Telegram

A

Kennan (a US official in Moscow) recommended US action against Soviet expansion

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14
Q

What was the Novikov Telegram?

A

A Soviet ambassador to the USA warned stalin that the US wanted to rule/dominate the world

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15
Q

What are satellite states?

A

The USSR established communist states in most countries in Eastern Europe, creating a buffer zone between the East and the West

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16
Q

What was the significance of the Atomic Bomb?

A

The USA successfully tested their first A-bomb during the Potsdam conference which began the arms race with the USSR

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17
Q

When was the Truman Doctrine?

A

1947

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18
Q

What was the Truman Doctrine?

A

Harry Truman, the US President, commited the USA to ‘containment’ - preventing the spread of communism

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19
Q

When was the Marshall Plan?

A

1947

20
Q

What was the Marshall plan?

A

America provided economic aid to poor countries to stop them from truning to communism

21
Q

Between 1948-52, how mush money did the US give to countries in Europe as part of the Marshall plan?

A

$12.7 billion

22
Q

What was Cominform?

A

It was set up by Stalin and organised all communist parties in Europe, encouraging them to block Marshall Plan assistance

23
Q

When was Cominform set up?

A

1947

24
Q

What was Comecon?

A

Comecon was an economic organisation aiming to support the economic growth of communist countries on Eastern Europe by encouraging trade with eachother

25
Q

When was Comecon set up?

A

1949

26
Q

What does NATO stand for and when was it set up?

A

NATO - The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
It was set up in 1949

27
Q

What was NATO?

A

It was set up in response to the creation of Cominform and Comecon. The USA and Western European countries created a military alliance

28
Q

What was NATO?

A

It was set up in response to the creation of Cominform and Comecon. The USA and Western European countries created a military alliance

29
Q

When did Britain, France and the USA merge their zones of West Germany, what was it now called and what did they introduce?

A

1.) They merged their zones in March 1948
2.) It became known as the Trizone
3.) They introduced the ‘Deutsch Mark’, improving the economy

30
Q

What was Capitalism doing to the people of Germany?

A

It was drawing the people away from the communist east and towards the capitalist West Germany

31
Q

When did Stalin cut off all transport links to West Berlin?

A

June 1948

32
Q

Why did Stalin cut off all of the transport links to West Berlin?

A

To starve the West of the city into submission

33
Q

How did the West respond to the Berlin Blockade?

A

They responded with airlifts of food, fuel and supplies for 10 months

34
Q

When did Stalin call off the Blockade?

A

May 1949

35
Q

When did Stalin die?

A

1953

36
Q

Who and when took over leadership from Stalin?

A

Krushchev took over leadership of the USSR in 1955

37
Q

What did Krushchev say that he wanted to do?

A

He said that he wanted to ‘De-Stalinise’ Russia

38
Q

When was the Warsaw Pact?

A

1955

39
Q

What was the Warsaw Pact?

A

Stalin created an equivalent military alliance of communist countries controlled by the USSR in response to West Germany joining NATO

40
Q

What are some Consequences of the Hungarian Uprising?

A

• Krushchev’s position became stronger
• 200,00 Hungrainas fled to Austria
• Showed West wouldn’t aid Eastern Europe to overthrow communism
• Western leaders determined to contain communism

41
Q

In the Hungarian Uprising, who rioted and who did they attack?

A

Students and workers rioted and attacked Secret Police

42
Q

When did Nagy take over as prime minister?

A

24th October 1956

43
Q

What did Nagy introduce?

A

• Democracy
• Freedom of Speech
• Religion
• Announced Hungary would leave Warsaw Pact

44
Q

What did Krushchev do in response to Nagy gaining power?

A

Ordered a Soviet invasion and around 20,000 Hungarians were killed. A pro-communist government was set up

45
Q

What were causes of the Hungarian uprising?

A

• Lack of Political freedom
• Fuel shortages
• Poor harvests
• De-staninisation

46
Q

How long did Stalin keep the Berlin Blockade up for?

A

10 months

GCSE History (1 decks)

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