Superficial Neck Flashcards
Function of hyoid bone
Attachment point for anterior neck musculature
Assists with movements of the tongue and swallowing
Assists in keeping the airway open
What muscles and structures attach to the hyoid bone?
Hyloglosssus Middle constrictor stylohyoid ligament geniohyoid mylohyoid omohyoid sternothyroid digastric and stylohyoid thyrohyoid
What skeletal structures are derived from the second pharygeal arch (hyoid arch)
Stapes
Styloid process
Lesser cornu of hyoid
Upper part of body of hyoid bone
What skeletal structures are derived from the third pharygeal arch?
Greater cornu of hyoid
Lower part of body of hyoid bone
What skeletal structures are derived from the fourth and sixth pharygial arch?
Thyroid cartilage Cricoid cartilage Arytenoid cartilage Corniculate cartilage Cuneiform cartilage
What are the cranial nerves that supply pharygeal arches at 5 weeks? What do they innervate
Facial nerve (arch 1,2) , glossopharyngeal nerve (3), Vagus nerve (4,6) (all innervate structures in neck)
Also trigeminal nerve (arch 1)
Innervation of platysma muscle
cervical branches of facial nerve (Tiny zebra bit my CHEEK)
What are the functions of sternocleidomastoid?
Lateral flexion with rotation
Extension at atlanto-occipital joints
Flexion of cervical vertebrae
2 types of torticollis
- Fibromatosis coli (fibrous tissue accumulates in muscles–common in neonates)
- Muscular torticollis (wry neck; can be congenital–infants; birth trauma–infants; muscular or nerve injury)
Superficial dissection of neck reveals what structures?
Trapezius, SCM
Cutaneous cervical branches: Lesser occipital, greater auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular, external jugular vein, cervico dorsal vein
What nerves and muscles are deep to investing fascia?
Accessory nerve Dorsal scapular nerve Nerve to levator scapulae Roots of brachial plexus Phrenic nerve Scalene muscles Splenius capitis
