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Mycology & Virology > Superficial Mycoses > Flashcards

Superficial Mycoses Flashcards

1
Q

Give the 2 superficial mycoses classifications

A
  1. Tineas (skin infection) 2. Piedras (hair infection)
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2
Q

superficial mycoses affects what layer of the skin?

A

stratum corneum (outermost layer)

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3
Q

Give the 2 types of tineas (skin infection)

A
  1. Tinea versicolor
  2. Tinea nigra
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4
Q

Give the 2 types of piedras (hair infection)

A
  1. Black piedre
  2. White piedra
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5
Q

Give 3 other names of tinea versicolor

A
  • Pityriasis versicolor
  • Tinea flava
  • Liver spot
  • Dermatomycosis furfuracea
  • Chromophytosis
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6
Q

Tinea versicolor’s causative agent

A

Malassezia furfur

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7
Q

grows on stratum corneum & resides lipophilic areas

A

Malassezia furfur

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8
Q

lesions are furfuraceous scales

  • *skin:** pale or fawn patches
  • *hair:** dandruff
A

Tinea versicolor

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9
Q

3 infection risks of tinea versicolor

A
  • genetic influence
  • poor nourishment
  • excessive sweating
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10
Q

Give 4 treatments for tinea versicolor

A
  • Whitfield’s ointment
  • 2.5% selenium sulfide lotion
  • Azole family
  • Vinegar
  • sodium thiosulfate
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11
Q

Tinea versicolor’s color in Wood’s lamp

A

golden yellow to light green fluorescence

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12
Q

Tinea versicolor’s KOH & PAS

A

KOH: round budding yeast cells

PAS: spaghetti and meatball apperance

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13
Q

3 oils used for Tinea versiclor’s SDA

A
  • Olive oil
  • Peanut oil
  • Vegetable oil
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14
Q

Tinea nigra palmaris causative agent

A

Hortaea werneckii

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15
Q

Give 2 other names for Hortaea werneckii

A
  • Exophiala werneckii
  • Cladosporium werneckii
  • Phaeoannellomyces werneckii
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16
Q

infection is usually in the palms or in the hands but can also be in the foot, sole, and wrist

A

Tinea nigra palmaris

17
Q
  • usually asymptomatic
  • Palms and soles are brown to black macules that are well defined irregular margin
A

Tinea nigra palmaris

18
Q

Give 4 treatments for Tinea nigra palmaris

A
  • Whitfield’s ointment
  • Salicylic acid
  • Tincture of iodine
  • Azoles
19
Q

Reagent used for Tinea nigra palmaris to reveal septate hyphal elements and budding cells

A

10-20% KOH

20
Q

Tinea nigra palmaris’ apperance on SDA with antibiotics at 37° C

A

olive to greenish black

21
Q

Tinea nigra palmaris’ microscopic examination

  • young cultures:
  • old cultures:
  • older hyphal colonies:
A
  • young cultures: budding blastoconidia (olive green)
  • old cultures: cluster of blastoconidia (greenish-black)
  • older hyphal colonies: annelloconidia (sawtooth appearance)
22
Q

Black piedra’s causative agent

A

Piedraia hortae

23
Q

Affected areas are scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, and pubic hair

A

Black piedra

24
Q

3 treatments for Black piedra

A
  • 2% selenium sulfide
  • Castellani paint
  • Amphotericin B lotion
25
Q

Black piedra in KOH resembles?

A
  • multiseptated hypha with ascospores & chlamydospores
  • resembles arthrospores
26
Q

True or False

Black piedra is multiseptated hypha with ascospores and chlamydospores in KOH

A

True

27
Q

Describe the culture of Black piedra

A
  • compact
  • dark brown-black
  • conical colonies with short aerial hyphae
28
Q

SDA temperature for Black piedra

A

25-30° C

*30 days +/ 7 days

29
Q

White piedra causative agent

A

Trichosporon beigelii

30
Q

soft mycelial mat affecting the hair of the scalp (Microsporum bovidae), facial hairs, and pubic region (Trichosporon inkin)

A

White piedra

31
Q

Give 3 treatments for White piedra

A
  • shave or cut hair
  • ketoconazole
  • terbinafine
  • topical salicylic acid
32
Q

hair looks soft, mucilaginous, white-yellowish soft nodules

A

White piedra

33
Q

KOH: dark hyphae with asci
*blastospores & arthrospores adhering to the hair

A

White piedra

34
Q

SDA has few vegetative hyphae

A

White piedra

35
Q

SDA: smooth, highly-wrinkled or radially folded, yeastlike, cream-colored, with mycelial fringe

A

White piedra

36
Q

Microscopic: presence of collarettes during conidiogenesis

A

Tinea versicolor

37
Q

specimen of choice for tinea nigra palmaris

A

skin scrapings from darkly pigmented lesions

38
Q

True or False

The nodules of black piedra are directly attached to the hair shaft

A

False

*indirectly attached
*ectothrix

Mycology & Virology (4 decks)

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