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Summery of Management Theorist > Summery > Flashcards

Summery Flashcards

1
Q

What Theory/ Theories are under the category
Classical – Scientific Management

A

Frederick Taylor (1911)

Frank and Lillian Gilbrath

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2
Q

Who had this method?

Saw that many workers were completing work their own way
Used time study to analyze motions and tasks to find efficiencies
Observed Bethlehem steel?

A

Frederick Taylor (1911)

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3
Q

Who had this conclusion?

Published Principles of Scientific Management
Management should maximize employer and employee prosperity

Select employees based on skills

A

Frederick Taylor (1911)

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4
Q

What Theorist had this lasting Impact?

Rules of motion, standard tools and proper work conditions for workers
Standard expectation of productivity (what is a reasonable days work
Carefully select and train workforce
Support workers (first person to propose rest breaks so that workers could recover)

A

Frederick Taylor (1911)

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5
Q

Who had this method?

Used motion studies (bricklayers famous study)
Reducing a task to its basic motions
Observed Brick layers and tripled productitivity

A

Frank and Lillian Gilbrath

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6
Q

Who had this method?

Developed from experience of engineer in large businesses

A

Henri Fayol

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7
Q

Who had this method?

Saw many German organizations were nepotism and run by individuals who did not earn their place

People were given management positions because of social standing

A

Max Weber

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8
Q

Who had this method?

Researched workers for Western Electric at Hawthorne Plant (for 20yrs)
Initial Focus was on lighting
Studied changes to work weeks/ days saw no relationship
All changes improved productivity
Performed study in bank wiring room
- saw that people restricted output to avoid group displeasure

A

Elton Mayo

“Hawthorne Studies”

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9
Q

Who had this method?

Based research on earlier writings of Fayol

A

Douglas McGregor
“Theory X and Theory Y”

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10
Q

Who had this method?

Again based on previous classical theorists

A

Chris Argyris

“Theory of Adult Personality”

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11
Q

Who had this method?

Observed a thriving Japanese economy in 1980’s and attributed much of the success to management styles and culture
Managing by consensus

A

William Ouchi

“Theory Z”

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11
Q

Who had this method?

Hershey and Blanchard

A

Contingency thinking

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12
Q

Who had this method?

Chester Bernard

A

Systems thinking

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13
Q

What Theory/ Theories are under the category
Classical -Administrative principles

A

Henri Fayol

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14
Q

What Theory/ Theories are under the category
Classical – Bureaucratic

A

Max Weber

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15
Q

What Theory/ Theories are under the category
Behavioural Administrative

“HR Approach

A

Mary Parker Follett

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16
Q

What Theory/ Theories are under the category
Behavioural Management

A

Douglas McGregor
“Theory X and Theory Y”

Chris Argyris

“Theory of Adult Personality”

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17
Q

What Theory/ Theories are under the category
Modern

A

William Ouchi

“Theory Z”
Quantitative Theory

Contingency thinking

Systems thinking

Total Quality Management

Learning Organizations

18
Q

Who had this conclusion?

Efficiency can be greatly improved through looking at a jobs tasks and eliminating wasted movements and resources
Reduce fatigue

A

Frank and Lillian Gilbrath

19
Q

Who had this conclusion?

14 principles of management
5 rules of management
- Foresight
- Organization
- Command
- Coordination
- Control

A

Henri Fayol

20
Q

Who had this conclusion?

Bureaucracy founded on logic, order and legitimate authority

Organizations should have
Clear division of labour
Clear hierarchy of authority
Formal rules/ procedures
Based on merit/ impersonality

A

Max Weber

21
Q

Who had this conclusion?

Assumes people are social and “self actualizing

A

Mary Parker Follett

22
Q

Who had this conclusion?

-Social Setting accounted for increased productivity
- worker relationships and being supervised
Workers also felt important

A

Elton Mayo

“Hawthorne Studies”

23
Q

Who had this conclusion?

Managers think of employees using theory X, employees dislike work, lack ambition, are irresponsible, resistant to change and want to be led.

Theory Y contends people are willing to work, capable of self control, imaginative, creative and willing to accept responsibility

A

Douglas McGregor
“Theory X and Theory Y”

24
Q

Who had this conclusion?

Many classical assumptions conflict with “Adult personality”
Specialization restricts self-actualization
Bureaucracy creates dependent/ passive workers
Fayol’s principles lead to psychological failure
Current practices prohibit employees from maturing

A

Chris Argyris

“Theory of Adult Personality”

25
Q

Who had this conclusion?

Employees should be viewed as investments and long term relationships should be prioritized

A

William Ouchi

“Theory Z”

26
Q

Who had this conclusion?

Problem identified and analyzed
Models applied
Judgement applied to results

A

Quantitative Theory

27
Q

Who had this conclusion?

People and circumstances are unique and therefor require individual assessments and tools

A

Contingency thinking

28
Q

Who had this conclusion?

Organizations are comprised of groups called systems and subgroup within them

A

Systems thinking

29
Q

Who had this conclusion?

Product quality is paramount to organizational success. Optimal product quality can only be achieved with total commitment from all employees
Quality can be improved in each facet of business

A

Total Quality Management

30
Q

Who had this conclusion?

Organizations must continually adapt and change in order to remain competitive

A

Learning Organizations

31
Q

What Theorist had this lasting Impact?

Job simplification
Work standards
Incentive wages

A

Frank and Lillian Gilbrath

32
Q

What Theorist had this lasting Impact?

Management should be taught
Terms: Unity of command/ direction (one boss for all people doing similar work) & scalar chain principle ( a clear channel of communication from top to bottom of organization)
Each person should have one boss

A

Henri Fayol

33
Q

What Theorist had this lasting Impact?

Drawbacks to bureaucracy have been exposed:
Excessive “red tape” slows responsiveness
Resistance to change
Rigidity
Employee apathy

A

Max Weber

34
Q

What Theorist had this lasting Impact?

Organizations are collaborative communities where diverse talents should contribute to shared success
Profit sharing
Businesses should act in the public good
Freedom of Speech and openness to new ideas

A

Mary Parker Follett

35
Q

What Theorist had this lasting Impact?

Shifted Management focus from technical/ structural concerns to social / human concerns to increase productivity
People singled out or given special attention perform better
Supervisors should act as friends with employees

A

Elton Mayo

“Hawthorne Studies”

36
Q

What Theorist had this lasting Impact?

Either way you look at it you create self-fulfilling prophecy
Managers treat their employees according to their beliefs and this reinforces their behavior

Lessons:

Get to know employees, identify their strengths, weaknesses and sources of enjoyment, what they want from work

A

Douglas McGregor
“Theory X and Theory Y”

37
Q

What Theorist had this lasting Impact?

Managers should treat people positively and as responsible adults
Expand job responsibilities, allow variety, and more participation in decision making

Employee issues result from mismatch in management styles
Absenteeism, turnover, apathy, alienation, low morale

A

Chris Argyris

“Theory of Adult Personality”

38
Q

What Theorist had this lasting Impact?

Employees are slowly promoted with more lateral movement
Teamwork and training are emphasized.
Holistic view of employees
Creating less “specialized” employees/ managers

A

William Ouchi

“Theory Z”

39
Q

What Theory had this lasting Impact?

Mathematical Techniques can be used to improve decision making but must also be supported by managerial judgement

A

Quantitative Theory

40
Q

What theory had this lasting Impact?

“One size fits all” policies and procedures are not effective

A

Contingency thinking

41
Q

What theory had this lasting Impact?

Management should focus on facilitating cooperation and coordination between groups and subgroups

A

Systems thinking

42
Q

What theory had this lasting Impact?

Participation from employees and collaboration between management is essential to success
Focus on continuous improvement

A

Total Quality Management

43
Q

What theory had this lasting Impact?

Gather information, analyzing and reflecting on it effectively is essential to remaining flexible and successful
Need to learn from experience
Employees need to be empowered

A

Learning Organizations

Summery of Management Theorist (1 decks)

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