Summer Work

Question 1

Individuals

Answer 1

The objects described by a set of data.

Question 2

Variable

Answer 2

Any characteristic of an individual. It can take different values for different individuals.

Question 3

Categorical Variable

Answer 3

Separates individuals into multiple groups or categories.

Question 4

Quantitative Variable

Answer 4

Takes numerical values for which it makes sense to find an average.

Question 5

Discrete Variables

Answer 5

Variables that can only take on a certain number of values between its minimum and maximum values.

Question 6

Continuous Variables

Answer 6

Variables that can take on any number of values between its minimum and maximum values.

Question 7

Univariate Data

Answer 7

A study that only looks at one variable.

Question 8

Bivariate Data

Answer 8

A study that looks at the relationship between two variables.

Question 9

Population

Answer 9

The entire group from which a statistical sample is drawn.

Question 10

Sample

Answer 10

A set of observations drawn from a population.

Question 11

Census

Answer 11

A study that obtains data from every member of a population.

Question 12

Distribution

Answer 12

Shows what values a variable takes and how often it takes them.

Question 13

Inference

Answer 13

A conclusion drawn that goes beyond the available data.

Question 14

Frequency Table

Answer 14

A table that shows frequency counts for a variable.

Question 15

Relative Frequency

Answer 15

The frequency count of a subgroup divided by the frequency count of the total population.

Question 16

Table

Answer 16

A chart that displays data in rows or columns.

Question 17

Roundoff Error

Answer 17

Occurs when the rounded percents don’t equal 100%.

Question 18

Pie Chart

Answer 18

A circular chart that is divided into sections to show numerical proportions.

Question 19

Bar Graph

Answer 19

A chart that represents the data from each category as a horizontal or vertical bar.

Question 20

Two-Way Table

Answer 20

A chart that displays data for two categorical variables.

Question 21

Marginal Distribution

Answer 21

The distribution of one of the variables in a two-way table among all individuals shown in the table.

Question 22

Conditional Distribution

Answer 22

Describes the values of a variable among individuals who have a specific value of another variable.

Question 23

Segmented Bar Graph

Answer 23

A bar graph where each bar is divided into segments to compare distributions of variables.

Question 24

Side-By-Side Bar Graph

Answer 24

A bar graph where the bars are split into colored bar segments to show multiple values for one variable.

Question 25

Association

Answer 25

Knowing that the value of one variable helps predict the value of the other.

Question 26

Simpson's Paradox

Answer 26

A phenomenon in which a trend appears in several different groups of data but disappears or reverses when the groups are combined.

Question 27

Dotplot

Answer 27

A chart where each data value is shown as a dot above its location on a number line.

Question 28

Shape

Answer 28

Describes how the data is distributed on the graph.

Question 29

Mode

Answer 29

The most common value in a data set.

Question 30

Center

Answer 30

The midpoint of all the values in a data set.

Question 31

Spread

Answer 31

The range of the data.

Question 32

Range

Answer 32

The difference between the smallest and largest values in a data set.

Question 33

Outlier

Answer 33

A data value that is an abnormal distance away from the other values in a data set.

Question 34

Symmetric

Answer 34

The right and left sides of a graph are roughly mirror images of each other.

Question 35

Skewed Right

Answer 35

The right side of the graph is longer than the left side.

Question 36

Skewed Left

Answer 36

The left side of the graph is longer than the right side.

Question 37

Unimodal

Answer 37

A graph that has one peak.

Question 38

Bimodal

Answer 38

A graph that has two peaks.

Question 39

Multimodal

Answer 39

A graph that has three or more peaks.

Question 40

Stemplot

Answer 40

A chart that shows how individual values are distributed within a set of data.

Question 41

Splitting Stems

Answer 41

A stemplot that has more than one space on the stem for the same interval.

Question 42

Back-To-Back Stem Plots

Answer 42

A stemplot that has one stem with leaves on both sides of the column.

Question 43

Histogram

Answer 43

A chart similar to a bar graph that divides a range of data into columns along the x-axis.

Question 44

Mean

Answer 44

The average value of a data set.

Question 45

Median

Answer 45

The midpoint value of a data set.

Question 46

Interquartile Range

Answer 46

The range of the middle 50% of the data.

Question 47

Five Number Summary

Answer 47

Consists of the minimum, the first quartile, the median, the third quartile, and the maximum of a data set.

Question 48

Boxplot

Answer 48

A graph where each of the numbers in a five number summary are plotted on a number line.

Question 49

Standard Deviation

Answer 49

A measure of the amount of variation in a data set.

Question 50

Variance

Answer 50

A numerical value used to show how widely individuals in a group vary.