summer vocabulary Flashcards
What is statistics?
The study of variability
What is variability?
Differences…how things differ. There is a variability everywhere… We all look different, act different, have different preferences..Statisticians look at these differences.
What are 2 branches of AP STATS?
Inferential and Descriptive
What are DESCRIPTIVE STATS?
Tell me what you got! Describe me to the data that you collected, use pictures or summaries like mean,median,range,ect.
What are INFERENTIAL STATS?
Look at your data,and use that to say stuff about the BIG PICTURE,
like tasting soup…a little sample can tell you a lot about the big pot of soup ( like population)
Compare descriptive and inferential STATS
Descriptive explains you about the data that you have, inferences uses that data you have to try to say something about the entire population
What is data?
Any collected information. Generally each little measurement.. Like, if it is a survey about liking porridge, the data might be a “yes,yes,no,yes,yes” if it is the number of saltiness someone can eat in 39 seconds, the data might be “3,1,2,1,4,3,3,4”.
What is a population?
The group you’re interested in. Sometimes it’s big like “all teenagers in the U.S” other times it is small, like “all AP Stats students in my school”
What is a sample?
A subset of population, often taken to make inferences about the population. We calculate statistics for samples.
Compare population to sample
Populations are generally large, and samples are small subsets of these populations. We take samples to make inferences about populations. We use statistics to estimate parameters.
Compare data to statistics
Data is each little bit of information collected from the subjects. They are the INDIVIDUAL little things we collect..we summarize them by, for example, finding the mean of a group of data. If it is a sample,then we call that means a “statistic” if we have data from each member of population, then that means is called a “parameter”
What is a parameter?
A numerical summary of a population. Like a mean,median,range of a population
What is a statistic?
A numerical summary of a sample. Like a mean, median,range.. Of a sample.
We are curious about the average wait time at a Dunkin Donuts drive through in your neighborhood. You randomly sample cars one afternoon and find the average wait time is 3.2 minutes. What is the population parameter? What is the statistic? What is the parameter of the interest? What is the data?
The parameter is the true average wait time at that Dunkin donuts. This is a number you don’t have and you will never know. The statistic is “3.2 minutes.” It is the average of the data you have collected. The parameter of the interest is that same thing as that population parameter. In this case, it is the true average wait time of all cars. The data is the wait time of each individual car, so that would be like “3.8 min, 2.2min, 0.8 min, 3 min.” You take that data and find the average, that average is called a “statistic,” and you use that to make an inference about the true parameter.
Compare DATA-STATISTIC-PARAMETER using categorical example
Data are individual measures, like meal preferences: “taco,taco,pasta,taco,burger,
burger,taco.” Statistics and Parameters are summaries. A statistic would be “42% of sample preferred tacos” and a parameter would be “42% of population preferred taco.”
