Summer Vocabulary

Question 1

Variable

Answer 1

A given value, and or digit, in a set of data.

Question 2

Categorical Variable

Answer 2

Value represented by groupings and items other than numbers.

Question 3

Quantitative Variable

Answer 3

Value represented numerically.

Question 4

Population

Answer 4

Entire grouping from which a sample can be drawn.

Question 5

Sample

Answer 5

Randomly selected items used to test hypothesis’ about a given population.

Question 6

Census

Answer 6

Gathering of information from a whole population.

Question 7

Distribution

Answer 7

The spread of distance of a data set.

Question 8

Inference

Answer 8

Drawing conclusions about a population based on data gathered from a sample.

Question 9

Frequency Table

Answer 9

A graph used to show the frequency of how often given values occur in a data set.

Question 10

Relative Frequency

Answer 10

The fraction of times a value occurs in a data set.

Question 11

Table

Answer 11

Chart/Graph used to show data categorically as well as numerically.

Question 12

Round-off Error

Answer 12

The difference between the exact answer and the arithmedtic average.

Question 13

Pie Chart

Answer 13

Circular graph used to show data, usually represented in percentages.

Question 14

Bar Graph

Answer 14

Graph used to show data in the form of vertical bars representing digits of ranges of digits given.

Question 15

Two-Way Table

Answer 15

Graph used to display the frequency of two categorical variables.

Question 16

Marginal Distribution

Answer 16

Describes only one of the random variables.

Question 17

Dotplot

Answer 17

Graph where any given value is represented as a dot along an axis.

Question 18

Mode

Answer 18

The data value which occurs most in any given data set.

Question 19

Outlier

Answer 19

A value that is an extreme deviation from the mean of the data set.

Question 20

Center

Answer 20

Describes the relation of the median to other aspects of the graph.

Question 21

Spread

Answer 21

Term which describes the range of data graphically.

Question 22

Range

Answer 22

The space between the lowest value and highest value of any given data set.

Question 23

Symmetric

Answer 23

Describes a data set that is evenly distributed, where if cut down the middle both sides match one another.

Question 24

Skewed Right

Answer 24

Data lies mainly on the right side of a data set.

Question 25

Skewed Left

Answer 25

Data lies mainly on the left side of a data set.

Question 26

Unimodal

Answer 26

A distribution with a single most common value.

Question 27

Bimodal

Answer 27

A distribution with two most common values.

Question 28

Multimodal

Answer 28

A distribution with multiple most common values.

Question 29

Stemplot

Answer 29

A graph plot used to represent Quantitative data, with leading values shown as stems and second digits shown as leaves.

Question 30

Histogram

Answer 30

A bar graph that displays the frequency of any given data within equal intervals.

Question 31

Mean

Answer 31

The average value of a data set, found by adding together all values and dividing by the number of values in a set.

Question 32

Median

Answer 32

The middle score in any given distribution.

Question 33

Interquartile Range (IQR)

Answer 33

The range of the middle 50% of a data set, found by.. Q3-Q1= 75th percentile to the 25th percentile.

Question 34

Five-Number Summary

Answer 34

Summary of a data set, (Min value, Q1, median, Q3, Max value)

Question 35

Boxplot

Answer 35

Also known as a box and whisker plot, A Graph the represents the 5 value summary of a dataset, including the IQR, Mean, Median, Mode, and Range.

Question 36

Standard Deviation

Answer 36

Measure of variability which declares all values average distance from the mean.

Question 37

Variance

Answer 37

The average of the squared deviations from the mean of the set.

Question 38

Individuals

Answer 38

The objects described by a set of data.

Question 39

Discrete Variables

Answer 39

A variable whose value is found by counting numerically.

Question 40

Continuous

Answer 40

A variable whose measure is obtained via measurement.

Question 41

Univariate Data

Answer 41

A study with only one focus.

Question 42

Bivariate Data

Answer 42

A study with two focuses.

Question 43

Conditional

Answer 43

The probability of an occurrence given a prior occurrence.

Question 44

Distribution

Answer 44

The observation of a set of values from some measure that is taken.

Question 45

Segmented Bar Graph

Answer 45

A graph that shows frequency distribution for a categorical data set.

Question 46

Side-by-side Bar Graph

Answer 46

Used to show multiple variable groups, with multiple bar segments per categorical finding.

Question 47

Association

Answer 47

Shows a relationship between two quantitative variables, in the same experimental case.

Question 48

Simpson’s Paradox

Answer 48

Also known as the “Yule-Simpson Effect”, Occurs when the marginal association between two categorical variables is qualitatively different from the partial association between the same two variables.

Question 49

Shape

Answer 49

A visual description of the distribution/skew of a data set via a graphical depiction.

Question 50

Splitting Stems

Answer 50

A stem plot where each category(stem) is split into two categories.

Question 51

Back-to-Back Stem Plots

Answer 51

A method of comparing two data distributions by attaching two sets of leaves to the same “stem”.