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AP CHEM > Summer - Ions, Naming, Oxidation > Flashcards

Summer - Ions, Naming, Oxidation Flashcards

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0
Q

Copper (I)

A

Cu+

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1
Q

Ammonium

A

NH4+

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2
Q

Hydrogen

A

H+

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3
Q

Hydronium

A

H3O+

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4
Q

Lithium

A

Li+

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5
Q

Mercury (I)

A

Hg+

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6
Q

Potassium

A

K+

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7
Q

Silver

A

Ag+

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8
Q

Sodium

A

Na+

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9
Q

Barium

A

Ba 2+

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10
Q

Calcium

A

Ca 2+

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11
Q

Cadmium

A

Cd 2+

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12
Q

Chromium (II)

A

Cr 2+

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13
Q

Cobalt (II)

A

Co 2+

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14
Q

Copper (II)

A

Cu 2+

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15
Q

Iron (II)

A

Fe 2+

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16
Q

Lead (II)

A

Pb 2+

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17
Q

Magnesium

A

Mg 2+

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18
Q

Manganese (II)

A

Mn 2+

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19
Q

Mercury (II)

A

Hg 2+

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20
Q

Nickel (II)

A

Ni 2+

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21
Q

Strontium

A

Sr 2+

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22
Q

Tin (II)

A

Sn 2+

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23
Q

Zinc

A

Zn 2+

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24
Q

Antimony (III)

A

Sb 3+

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25
Q

Arsenic (III)

A

As 3+

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26
Q

Bismuth (III)

A

Bi 3+

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27
Q

Chromium (III)

A

Cr 3+

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28
Q

Cobalt (III)

A

Co 3+

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29
Q

Iron (III)

A

Fe 3+

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30
Q

Nickel (III)

A

Ni 3+

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31
Q

Lead (IV)

A

Pb 4+

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32
Q

Manganese (IV)

A

Mn 4+

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33
Q

Tin (IV)

A

Sn 4+

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34
Q

Antimony (V)

A

Sb 5+

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35
Q

Bismuth (V)

A

Bi 5+

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36
Q

Acetate

A

CH3COO -

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37
Q

Bicarbonate

A

HCO3 -

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38
Q

Binoxalate

A

HC2O4 -

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39
Q

Bisulfate

A

HSO4 -

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40
Q

Bisulfide

A

HS -

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41
Q

Bisulfite

A

HSO3 -

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42
Q

Bromide

A

Br -

43
Q

Chlorate

A

ClO3 -

44
Q

Chloride

A

Cl -

45
Q

Chlorite

A

ClO2 -

46
Q

Cyanide

A

CN -

47
Q

Dihydrogen phosphate

A

H2PO4 -

48
Q

Fluoride

A

F-

49
Q

Hydroxide

A

OH -

50
Q

Hypochlorite

A

ClO -

51
Q

Iodide

A

I -

52
Q

Nitrate

A

NO3 -

53
Q

Nitrite

A

NO2 -

54
Q

Perchlorate

A

ClO4 -

55
Q

Permanganate

A

MnO4 -

56
Q

Thiocyanate

A

SCN -

57
Q

Carbonate

A

CO3 2-

58
Q

Chromate

A

CrO4 2-

59
Q

Dichromate

A

Cr2O7 2-

60
Q

Monohydrogen phosphate

A

HPO4 2-

61
Q

Oxalate

A

C2O4 2-

62
Q

Oxide

A

O 2-

63
Q

Peroxide

A

O2 2-

64
Q

Sulfate

A

SO4 2-

65
Q

Sulfide

A

S 2-

66
Q

Sulfite

A

SO3 2-

67
Q

Arsenate

A

AsO4 3-

68
Q

Borate

A

BO3 3-

69
Q

Ferricyanide

A

Fe(CN)6 3-

70
Q

Nitride

A

N 3-

71
Q

Phosphate

A

PO4 3-

72
Q

Phosphide

A

P 3-

73
Q

Charges of copper

A

1+

2+

74
Q

Charges of mercury

A

1+

2+

75
Q

Charges of Chromium

A

2+

3+

76
Q

Charges of cobalt

A

2+

3+

77
Q

Charges of iron

A

2+

3+

78
Q

Charges of lead

A

2+

4+

79
Q

Charges of manganese

A

2+

4+

80
Q

Charges of nickel

A

2+

3+

81
Q

Charges of tin

A

2+

4+

82
Q

Charges of antimony

A

3+

5+

83
Q

Charges of Bismuth

A

3+

5+

84
Q

Oxidation number of an uncombined element

A

0

85
Q

Oxidation number of a monatomic ion

A

Equal to the charge of the ion

86
Q

The more _________ element in a binary compound is assigned __________

A

The more ELECTRONEGATIVE element in a binary compound is assigned THE NUMBER EQUAL TO THE CHARGE OF ITS ION

87
Q

Oxidation number of fluorine in a compound

A

-1

88
Q

Oxygen’s oxidation number = _____
Unless….
(1) __________, when it is _______
(2) __________, when it is _______

A

Oxygen’s oxidation number = -2
Unless….
(1) combined with F, when it is +2
(2) in a peroxide, when it is -1

89
Q

Oxidation state of hydrogen = _____

Unless combined with _______, when it is _____

A

Oxidation state of hydrogen = +1

Unless combined with A METAL, when it is -1

90
Q

In compounds, the oxidation numbers of group 1

A

+1

91
Q

In compounds, the oxidation numbers of group 2

A

+2

92
Q

In compounds, the oxidation numbers of aluminum

A

+3

93
Q

The sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a neutral compound

A

0

94
Q

Sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a polyatomic ion equals…

A

The charge of the ion

95
Q

Naming rules for binary ionic compounds

A
  1. Cation written first, then anion

2. Change anion’s suffix to “ide”

96
Q

Naming rules with positive polyatomic ions

A
  1. Name the polyatomic ion

2. Name the anion using the suffix “ide”

97
Q

Naming with negative polyatomic ions

A
  1. Name the metal

2. Name the polyatomic ion

98
Q

Prefixes used for COVALENT MOLECULES

A
  1. Mono
  2. Di
  3. Tri
  4. Tetra
  5. Penta
  6. Hexa
  7. Hepta
  8. Octa
  9. Nona
  10. Deca
99
Q

Naming covalent molecules

A
  1. The first element is named first, using its whole name
  2. The second is named as if it were an anion (IDE ending)
    PREFIXES MUST BE USED TO IDENTIFY THE NUMBER OF EACH ELEMENT IN THE COMPOUNT
100
Q

Naming acids

H and 1 element

A

Hydro________ic acid

101
Q

Naming acids

H and a polyatomic ion

A

If -ate: _________ic acid

If -ite: _________ous acid

102
Q

Prefixes for hydrocarbons

A
  1. Meth
  2. Eth
  3. Prop
  4. But
  5. Pent
  6. Hex
  7. Hept
  8. Oct
  9. Non
  10. Dec
103
Q

Naming hydrocarbons

A
  1. The chain length determines the first part (# of C’s) —> refer to list of prefixes
  2. Functional group controls the second part (alkane = ane; alkene = ene; alkyne = yne)
104
Q

General form for alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

C sub n, H sub 2n+2

105
Q

General form for alkenes

A

CnH2n

C sub n, H sub 2n

106
Q

General form for alkynes

A

CnH2n-2

C sub n, H sub 2n-2

AP CHEM (2 decks)

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