summer exam Flashcards
gamete
sex cell
fertilisation
sex cells fuse together
zygote
a fertilised cell - cell straight after fertilisation
Name 3 organelles in a plant cell that you don’t find in an animal cell.
cell wall
chloroplast
permanent vacuole
Protein is needed for
growth and repair
Carbohydrates are needed for
energy
Name a kingdom
you can choose from animals, plants, fungi, prokaryotes (bacteria) and protoctists (amoeba, euglena)
Diffusion is
the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Diffusion happens in
liquids and gases because their particles move randomly from place to place.
The lungs are adapted to diffusion by
having a large surface area
moist, thin walls
lots of blood vessels close by
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration
glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration (fermentation)
glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is the word equation for photosynthesis
carbon dioxide + water - > glucose + oxygen
How do you test for sugar
Benedict’s test - Blue to red
element
A substance made up of one kind of atom only
compound
A substance made up of two or more different elements chemically combined
mixture
A substance made up of two or more different substances that can be separated by physical methods
Word equation for combustion - burning
Fuel (methane) + oxygen - > carbon dioxide + water
Methane is made of carbon and hydrogen, so is known as a
hydrocarbon
sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid
sodium chloride + water
Melting
solid to liquid - particles stay close together but start moving around each other
Boiling (evaporating)
liquid to gas - particles become much further apart and move quickly in all directions
What happens to water when it freezes
water is unusual and expands when it freezes
What is displacement?
A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its compounds
magnesium + copper sulfate - > magnesium sulfate + copper
To make an investigation reliable
repeat the experiment
You can make your results more accurate by
improving your method
Independent variable
The variable that you change
