Summer ALEKS Flashcards
1 mL =
1 cm^3
1 m^3 =
1000 L
What are metals in their standard state?
Solids
except for mercury
Which nonmetals are NOT simple solids?
Noble gases
7 diatomic nonmetals
Phosphorus
Sulfur
What state are most diatomic nonmetals in?
Mostly gases
Which two diatomic nonmetals are NOT gases?
Iodine = solid
Bromine = liquid
What is special about the diatomic molecules when they are in their standard states?
They have 2s after them
Hence, the name diatomic
What are metalloids at room temperature?
solids
7 diatomic molecules
Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer
H: Hydroden N: Nitrogen F: Fluorine O: Oxygen I: Iodine C: Chlorine B: Bromine
How do you write formulas?
Order formula from left to right on the periodic table. A element that is more to the left should be placed in front of an element more to the right
When 2 elements are in the same row, list the LOWER element first
Formula writing and hydrogen
Hydrogen goes AFTER all elements
Except: with group 6A or 7A elements. Then, hydrogen goes first
Types of Bonds:
metal - nonmetal
Ionic
*even if lots of other elements, a metal and nonmetal are ionic
Types of Bonds:
nonmetal - nonmetal
Molecular
Electron symbol
e-
Proton symbol
p+
Neutron symbol
n
How much do neutrons and protons weigh?
1.0 amu
How much do electrons weigh?
.0005 amu
Which electrons do you subtract from when determining valence electrons?
Only electrons from valence shell
What does period tell you?
The number of shells
Formula for converting between celcius and kelvin
Ce. = kelv. - 273.15
Oxoanion
polyatomic anion made from a central atom chemically bonded to one or more atoms of oxygen
How do you name most common oxoanions?
Replace all but the first syllable of the central atom’s name with -ate
MEMORIZE THE OXOANION NAMING CHART
(m/cm)^3 =
m^3 / cm^3
Covalent bonds
Form between two non-metals
Also molecular
Binary compound
only contains 2 elements
Naming binary covalent compound rules
1) if prefix ends with an “-o” or “-a” and is being added to an element that starts with an “o”, drop the prefix ending
2) if the first element only contains 1 atom, do NOT use a prefix
Identifying organic compounds
1) always contain carbon
2) always molecular
Hydrocarbon
simplest organic compound
made ONLY of carbon and hydrogen
Can measurements always be multiplied or divided regardless of units?
Yes
C2H3O2-
acetate
% w/w
mass percent
Mass percent of a component is…
the percentage of the TOTAL mass solution, which consists of the mass of that component
How many sig figs in .001?
1
How many sig figs in .010?
2
Concentration =
m / v
What is concentration measured in?
M
Intermediates
compounds produced in one step of a reaction and consumed later
intermediates can NOT appear in net equation
Molar mass is measured in?
g
What is the units of avogadro’s number?
It is unitless!
It can be a count of anything
Which transition metals do not need to be written with roman numerals after them?
Aluminum
Zinc
Silver
mM =
mmol / L
