summer 2018 terminology

Question 1

Parallel construction

Answer 1

A balance within one or more sentences of similar phrases or clauses that have the same grammatical structure.

Question 2

euphemism

Answer 2

a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarassing

Question 3

parallel construction example

Answer 3

“so calm as that bull elephant - or so casually determined upon destruction.”

Question 4

euphemism example

Answer 4

pushing up the daisies, kicked the bucket

Question 5

anaphoric repetition

Answer 5

the deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to achieve a specific effect.

Question 6

anaphoric repetition example

Answer 6

let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of new york

Question 7

adverbial

Answer 7

an adverbial phrase is a group of words that together, function as an adverb in a sentence. If your phrase is adverbial, it’s ‘head word’ - the word the phrase cannot live without - will be an adverb.

Question 8

Adverbial example

Answer 8

He left the meeting VERY QUICKLY

Question 9

paranthesis

Answer 9

can be used to mark out a comment of explanation from the rest of the text. an additional clause to provide more information using brackets, commas, or dashes.

Question 10

paranthesis example

Answer 10

My sister’s autobiography, listed as fiction, is a bestseller in the bookshops!

Question 11

litotes

Answer 11

ironic understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary

Question 12

litotes example

Answer 12

EG: ‘It’s not the best weather today’ (in the middle of a hurricane)

Question 13

noun phrase

Answer 13

A noun phrase is a group of words that, together, function as a noun in a sentence. If your phrase is a noun phrase, its ‘head word’ – the word the phrase cannot live without – will be a noun.

Question 14

noun phrase example

Answer 14

EG: I jumped aboard the BRIGHT RED BUS.

Question 15

tricolon/triadic structure

Answer 15

a pattern of three words or phrases

Question 16

tricolon/triadic structure example

Answer 16

Live long, live happily, live free

Question 17

adjectival

Answer 17

An adjectival phrase is a group of words that, together, function as an adjective in a sentence. If your phrase is adjectival, its ‘head word’ – the word the phrase cannot live without – will be an adjective.

Question 18

adjectival examples

Answer 18

You really are DISGUSTINGLY UGLY

Question 19

Satire

Answer 19

A piece of writing that pokes fun at a societal establishment. (uses sarcasm, ridicule, irony)

Question 20

satire examples

Answer 20

‘All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.’
‘Animal Farm’ Orwell

Question 21

colloquialism

Answer 21

informal language

Question 22

colloquialism examples

Answer 22

bloke, fella, gonna, dat

Question 23

Register

Answer 23

the level of formality within a text

Question 24

Register example

Answer 24

A letter to a member of parliament would be written with a high register.

Question 25

comparative

Answer 25

an adjective that relates one thing in some way to another and usually ends in ‘er’

Question 26

comparative examples

Answer 26

bigger, smaller, further

Question 27

tenor

Answer 27

the tone of the relationship between author and reader and how it is created

Question 28

hypophora

Answer 28

when a rhetorical question is immediately followed by an answer in a text

Question 29

hypophora example

Answer 29

‘Is this the best film ever? You bet it is!’

Question 30

intensifier

Answer 30

a word that intensifies the meaning of an adjective or adverb

Question 31

intensifier example

Answer 31

very much more

Question 32

semantics

Answer 32

the study of the meaning of words

Question 33

semantics example

Answer 33

‘Destination’ and ‘last stop’ mean the same thing but have different connotations when explored.

Question 34

syndetic list

Answer 34

a list that includes ‘and’

Question 35

syndetic list example

Answer 35

the city was dirty, smelly, noisy, sprawling and poverty-stricken.

Question 36

elision

Answer 36

the omission of a sound or syllable, often joining two words together with an apostrophe

Question 37

elision examples

Answer 37

shouldn’t or gonna

Question 38

lexical field

Answer 38

Diction that draws from a similar ‘field’ of meaning or vocabulary

Question 39

lexical field example

Answer 39

lexical field of travel: journey, luggage, passenger, embark.