SUMMATIVE QUIZ Flashcards
Structurally diverse secondary metabolites from fungi which comprise toxins such as aflatoxin and ochratoxin
MYCOTOXINS
polypeptides that cause
cell injury, inflammation, intestinal secretion usually produced by bacteria
CYTOTOXINS
are synthetic or naturally
occurring substances that damage, destroy, or impair the functioning of the central and/or peripheral nervous system.
NEUROTOXINS
are toxins that are destructive to nerve tissue.
NECROTOXINS
Most frequently result of OVERDOSE of drugs with salicylates or sympathomimetics
HYPERTHERMIA
Specialized branch of toxicology that focuses mainly on the medicolegal aspects of the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and animals
FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY
is the study
of adverse effects on the developing organism that may result from exposure to
chemical or physical agents before conception (either parent), during prenatal development, or postnatally until the time of puberty.
DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
the study of the occurrence of adverse effects on the male or female reproductive system
that may result from exposure to chemical or physical agents
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
Focuses on the impacts of chemical pollutants in the
environment on biological organisms, specifically studying the impacts of chemicals on nonhuman organisms such
as fish, birds, terrestrial animals, and plants.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
Denote the toxic substances that are produced or by-products of human activities
TOXICANTS
classified in terms of their
physical state, chemical stability or reactivity, general chemical structure or poisoning potential
TOXIC AGENTS
Antidote for beta-adrenergic antagonists poisoning
GLUCAGON HYDROCHLORIDE
antidote for nerve agent
poisoning (e.g. Organophosphate
poisoning)
PRALIDOXIME
antidote for methotrexate poisoning
LEUCOVORIN
Term used to denote the disposition of poisons in the body
TOXICOKINETICS
First priority step when treating a poisoned patient
STABILIZING THE PATIENT
Term used when one is exposed to a chemical for more than 3 months
CHRONIC EXPOSURE
Less than 24 hr.
ACUTE EXPOSURE
Major target organ of chronic arsenic exposure
LIVER
Bitter almond odor
CYANIDE
garlic odor
ORGANOPHOSPHATE
Toxicant that may cause Shaver’s disease, corundum smelter’s lung and bauxite lung
ALUMINUM
Term used to denote a heritably altered, relatively autonomous growth of tissue with abnormal regulation of gene expression
NEOPLASM
Organophosphate pesticides
MALATHION,
PARATHION, FENTHION, DICHLORVOS,
CHLORPYFIROS, ETHION, DIMETHOATE
A decrease in the therapeutic index of a drug
THE POTENTIAL OF A DRUG BECOME TOXIC INCREASE
Toxidrome that is associated with the clinical
manifestations such as altered mental health status, increased muscle tone, hyperflexia, hyperthermia and tremors
SEROTONIN
Defined as the probability of an adverse outcome under specified condition
RISK
Treatment for Wilson’s disease
PENICILLAMINE
Antagonism exemplified if dimercaprol chelates metal ions like mercury & arsenic and
decreases their toxicity
CHEMICAL ANTAGONISM
Prussian blue for its management
THALLIUM
Botanical origin of the very toxic ergonovine
CLAVICEPS PURPUREA (ergot alkaloids)
Evidence obtained by examining body organs
and tissues after death
POST-MORTEM EVIDENCE
Dose may be expected to ordinarily produced the therapeutic effects for which the preparation is employed
AVERAGE DOSE
Type of poisoning produced by taking or absorbing for a protracted period small doses of a poison, thereby producing gradual deterioration
of tissue functions
CHRONIC POISONING
Emetics act on the following manner, EXCEPT
PERIPHERALLY
Term to denote washing out the organ, such as stomach or bowel to remove poison
LAVAGE
Test that could distinguish carbon disulfide from hydrogen
XANTHOGENATE TEST
Poisons particularly affects the cardiac muscles
DIGOTOXIN
Antidote that is given when the nature of the poison is unknown and it acts as adsorbent
ACTIVATED CHARCOAL
Term used to denote the agents that produces stupor
NARCOTICS
NOT among the triad of opioid/opiate toxicity
CONVULSION
Enters the breast milk and can cause neonatal narcotic dependence
HEROIN
AKA Angels dust
PCP (Phenycyclidine or
phenylcyclohexyl piperidine (PCP)
Organs adversely affected by lead
BLOOD, KIDNEY, BRAIN (EXCEPT lungs)
Poison from black willow spider
a-latrotoxin
Patient passing out yellow-green vomitus
CHROMIUM
Poisonous fishes contain unedible organs or toxins
CIGUATOXIN
Toxic metabolite of acetonitrile
CYANIDE
Iron poisoning coloration of stool and urine
BLACK
Metallic poisons
IRRITANT POISON, CEREBRAL
NEUROTIC POISONS, CORROSIVE POISONS
Manihot toxin root crop toxin
CASSAVA
Only poisonous variety of phosphorous
YELLOW
Atropa belladonna family
SOLANACEAE
Source of phytotoxins
PLANTS
Contain poison saxitotoxin
MARINE ANIMAL
Mechanism of action involved in the use of EDTA as antidote for heavy metal poisoning
CHELATION
Organ of elimination for metallic poisons
LIVER
Major routes by which toxic agents gain access to the body are through
GIT, LUNGS, SKIN (EXCEPT Blood)
Cobra’s venom
SYNTOTOXIN
