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Snowy's questions > Summative - Explosives and Propellants > Flashcards

Summative - Explosives and Propellants Flashcards

1
Q

Sulpher and Pitch are two ingredients of Greek Fire. What is the other one?

A

Naptha

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2
Q

What does Ballistite consist of?

A

Nitroglcyrine (NG), Nitrocellouse (NC) and camphor

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3
Q

What are the four types of modern smokeless powders used in both military and civilian applications?

A

Single

Double

Triple

Composite

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4
Q

What components make up Guncotton?

A

Nitrocellouse (NC) Nitric Acid and cotton fibres

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5
Q

During the Boer War, Oicric Acid filled shells did not fully detonate. What booster was added to Picric Acid to enhance the detonation?

A

Tetryl

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6
Q

What are the four pyrotechnic effects ?

A

Heat

Light

Smoke

Sound

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7
Q

What additives produce the following colours?

A

Red - Strontium Nitrate
Yellow - Sodium Nitrate
Green - Barium

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8
Q

One of the characteristics of a priming composition is that it needs to be easily ignited, what are the other four characteristics?

A
  • Generate high heat
  • Not burn too quickly or violently
  • Produce some solid products of combustion
  • Be compatible with the mixture used
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9
Q

Define Primary Explosives and detail what they are most used for

A

Substance or mixture of substances used to

initiate a detonation or a burning reaction.

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10
Q

What are the two types of explosive initiators?

A

Ignitors and detonators

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11
Q

Flash receptive detonators are one type of explosive initiators, name three others?

A
  • Stab igniters and detonators
  • Percussion igniters
  • Conducting compositions igniters and detonators
  • Hot bridge wire igniters and detonators
  • Exploding bridge wire
  • Pyrotechnic igniters
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12
Q

What are the abbreviations of the following explosives?

Cyclotrimethylenetrinitromine?

Composition Exploding?

A

RDX

CE

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13
Q

Identify each of the following as high or low explosives.

Gunpowder
Tetryl
Comp B

A

Low
High
High

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14
Q

Illuminating and smoke compositions are two of the pyrotechnic groups, name two others

A

Signal and Delay

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15
Q

What is the composition of Comp B?

A

RDX 59.5%
TNT 39.5%
Wax 1%

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16
Q

List the five purposes of additives used in high explosives?

A
  • Decrease sensitivity
  • Increase sensitivity
  • Improve stability
  • Increase blast effect
  • Improve moldability
17
Q

Cap (primer) composition mixtures comprise three essential ingredients, what are they?

A

Primary explosive
Oxidiser
Sensitiser

18
Q

What are the two purposes of dark ignition?

A

To prevent dazziling the firer.

To avoid the enemy being able to observe the exact location of the weapon.

19
Q

One of the design requirements for an Illuminating Composition is that it must burn for the correct time. What is one other?

A

Provide the required amount of luminosity

20
Q

What are three ideal properties for smoke compositions?

A
  • Immediate in effect
  • Unaffected as far as possible by climate/weather
  • Persistent
  • Non Anti-Personnel
  • Non Incendiary
21
Q

The military services have a requirement for two distinct types of smoke producing munitions. What are they?

A

Tactical Screening and signalling

22
Q

Define an igniter composition.

A

A pyrotechnic composition used to ignite propellant explosive systems giving off hot flames, usually accompanied by sparks and hot gases for relatively short times.

23
Q

What are the two distinct groups that incendiary material fall into?

A

Alloys/Metals and Combustible Fluids

24
Q

List two (2) metals that are most useful as incendiary materials?

A

Magnesium and Aluminium

25
Q

Delay compositions are used for what purpose?

A

To provide a pyrotechnic delay between two

igniting or explosive events.

26
Q

What is the definition of a Propellant?

A

Propellant is a low explosive, that when burnt under control, produces heat and gases that impart motion on a projectile or missile

27
Q

What is the main ingredient of a Single Base propellant?

A

Nitrocellulose (NC)

28
Q

One advantage of a Single Base propellant is that the ballistics are less affected by changes in charge temperature. Name one other advantage.

A
  • Cooler burning
  • Less erosive
  • Less flash than cordite
29
Q

List the main ingredients of a Double Base propellant?

A

Nitrocellulose Nitro-glycerine

30
Q

One advantage of a Double Base propellant is that it has a higher energy rating than Single Base propellants. Name one other advantage

A

Easy to ignite

Higher flame temperature

31
Q

What are the main ingredients of a Triple Base propellant?

A

Nitroglycerine (NG) Nitrocellouse (NC) Nitro Garudine (petric acid)

32
Q

One type of additive used with propellants is a Surface lubricant. Name four (4) others.

A
  • Coolant
  • Stabiliser
  • Plasticiser
  • Moderant
  • Flash inhibitor
  • Decoppering Agent
  • Antiwear additive
33
Q

Carbamite is an additive which can be used to achieve more than one function. Can it be used as a Surface Moderant?

A

Yes

34
Q

What two metals are used in propellant charges as De–coppering agents?

A

Lead and Tin

35
Q

How is the rate of burning of propellant controlled?

A

Shape

Size

Composition

36
Q

‘Constant Burning’ is one form of burning. What are the other two?

A

Degressive, Progressive

37
Q

Name a propellant shape which would produce a constant burn rate?

A

Tube

Snowy's questions (3 decks)

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