Summative Assessment 1 Flashcards
Attention Grabbing, Has the Thesis Statement and purpose
INTRODUCTION
Develops the Main IDea, Gives examples, has multiple paragraphs, and each paragraph has to support the thesis statement.
BODY
Briefly review the supports and thesis statement, and leaves the audience with a theme
CONCLUSION
The Whole essay supports the main Idea with no negations
UNITY
Neat sentence flow
COHERENCE
Use of Transitional words
COHESION
this is part of many essays, and writers often tell an anecdote to support an argument.
NARRATION
- Details the characteristics of the topic
NARRATION
Details the characteristics of the topic
DESCRIPTION
- Can be physical or non-physical
- literal or figurative
- a certain order is followed in describing (Spatial order - left to right)
DESCRIPTION
- series of steps in a procedure in chronological order and shows how this sequence of steps leads to results
PROCESS
- Explaining how to do something
PROCESS
the pattern of development that uses a single extended example or a series of shorter examples to support a thesis
EXEMPLIFICATION/ILLUSTRATION
- providing specific instances in support
EXEMPLIFICATION/ILLUSTRATION
reasons of occurrence or the predicted occurrence
CAUSE AND EFFECT
- if Process describes how something happens, BLANK shows why something happens.
CAUSE AND EFFECT
- the writer explains what something is
DEFINITION
- explanation of the nature of a word, thing, or idea
DEFINITION
Most good definition essays are really BLANK. making people understand what they thought they understand already.
REDEFINITION
- Presents an issue, and the writer’s stance
PERSUASION
- opinions are shared in order to make others believe.
PERSUASION
- opinions are shared in order to make others believe.
ARGUMENTATION
it must establish a clear thesis and follow sound reasoning
ARGUMENTATION
- Identifies a problem of some kind and explore many factors it has
- provides some possible and sound solutions.
PROBLEM SOLUTION
- comparison between two things of different categories, for explanation
- it has partial similarity
ANALOGY
THE ART OF ANALYZING AND EVALUATING THINKING WITH A VIEW TO IMPROVING IT
CRITICAL THINKING
WHY IS CRITICAL THINKING NECESSARY?
CRITICAL THINKING IMPROVES AND SAVES LIVES. IT ENABLES US TO EVALUATE HOW EFFECTIVE A THINKING PROCESS IS AND HOW IT HELPS US. AS OPPOSED TO JUST LETTING IT EXIST WITHOUT PURPOSE.
CRITIQUING VS. CRITICIZING
Critiquing means to analyze thoughts and assign some sort of value to them, while criticizing means to put down and oppress the idea.
Critical thinking raises BLANK, formulating them clearly and precisely.
VITAL QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
Critical thinking Gather and assess BLANK, using abstract ideas to interpret it effectively.
RELEVANT INFORMATION
Critical thinking formulate BLANK, testing them against relevant standards and criteria
WELL REASONED CONCLUSIONS AND SOLUTIONS
Critical Thinking helps us think open-mindedly within the alternative systems of thoughts, BLANK, as need be, their assumptions. implications and practical consequences.
RECOGNIZING AND ASSESSING
Critical thinking helps to BLANK, with others figuring out their solutions to complex problems
COMMUNICATE EFFECTIVELY
- Could you Elaborate Further?
- Could you give an example?
- Can you illustrate what you mean?
CLARITY
- How can we check on that?
- How can we find out if it’s true?
- How could we verify or test that?
ACCURACY
- Could you be more specific?
- Could you give me more details?
- Could you be more exact?
PRECISION
- How does that relate to the problem?
- How does that bear to the problem?
- How does that help us in the issue?
RELEVANCE
- What factors make this a difficult problem?
- What are some of the complexities of this question?
- What are some difficulties we need to face?
DEPTH
- Do we need to look at this from another perspective?
- Do we need to consider another point of view?
- Do we need to look at this in another way?
BREADTH
- Do all these make sense together?
- Does what you say follow all of the pieces of evidence?
- Does your first paragraph fit in with your last?
LOGIC
- Is this the central idea to focus on?
- Is this the most important problem to consider?
- Which of these facts are most important?
SIGNIFICANCE
- Do I have any vested interest in this issue?
2. Am I sympathetically representing the viewpoints of others?
FAIRNESS
Generalization of a whole group based on an inadequate sample size
HASTY GENERALIZATION
Making a general statement without considering if every case is applicable
DICTO SIMPLICITER
A happened, then B happened. Therefore B happened because of A
Post Hoc ergo Propter Hoc
What might’ve happened if a fact did not occur in the past or in the future
Hypothesis Contrary to fact
A happened, then A will cause B. B will cause C, And C will cause extinction
Slippery Slope
Making Comparisons to prove a point using two unidentical examples
FALSE ANALOGY
Attacking the person instead of the argument
Argumentum Ad Hominem (Poisoning the well)
An emotional appeal instead of logic
Argumentum Ad Misericordiam (Appeal to emotion)
This asserts that since the majority agree to an opinion, then it must be true
Argumentum Ad Populum (Appeal to Popularity)
Using a popular figure as a source, even though they do not have enough credibility
Argumentum Ad Verecundiam (Appeal to inappropriate authority)
Changing the subject instead of facing the argument
RED HERRING FALLACY
An attempt to prove a point by over-simplifying and attacking the arguments of the opposing side
STRAWMAN FALLACY
