Summary Sheet Cards Flashcards
1
Q
Staph Aureus
A
- Coagulase Positive
- MRSA
- Invasive tissue infections
- Food poisoning (pre formed enterotoxin)
- TSST
- Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)
- Septicemia/bacteremia
- Bone/joint infection
2
Q
Staph Epidermidis
A
- Coagulase negative staph
- Normal Skin Flora
- Endocarditis
3
Q
Staph Saprophyticus
A
-UTI in women of child bearing age
4
Q
Step Pyogenes, Group A
A
- Invasive tissue infections (enzymes and toxins)
- Impetigo, cellulitis, erysipelas
- Scarlet Fever - erythrogenic toxin
- Necrotizing Fasciitis (strep gangrene, invasive cellulitis “flesh eating”
- Streptococcal toxin shock syndrome from (highly invasive enzymes and toxins)
- Acute exudative pharyngitis —> post streptococcal complications –rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis
5
Q
Group B Strep
A
pneumonitis and meningitis in neonates from vaginal flora
6
Q
Strep Pneumoniae
A
- Capsule, IgA protease
- Meningitis
- Otitis Media
- Pneumonia
- Sinusitis
7
Q
Enterococcus Faecalis
A
- Bacteremia
- Nosocomial wounds
- UTI
- Multi Drug Resistance
8
Q
Vibrio Cholerae
A
- Curved Bacilli
- Massive Diarrhea (toxin)
9
Q
Vibrio Parahemolyticus
A
-Gastroenteritis from contaminated shellfish
10
Q
Vibrio Vulnificus
A
- Septicimia, cellulitis, gastroenteritis
11
Q
Camplylobacter Jejuni
A
- Microaerophilic, curved bacilli
- Gastroenteritis esp. from contaminated chicken or raw milk
12
Q
Salmonella Enteritidis
A
- Antigenic types B & D predominate in USA
- Gastroenteritis (diarrhea), esp from contaminated poultry and reptiles
- Invasion of intestinal mucous membrane but w/o significant deeper invasion or bloodstream invasion
13
Q
Salmonella typhi
A
- Typhoid fever
- initial invasion and multiplication w/in intestinal membrane followed by invasion of bloodstream
- Invasion/localization in gallbladder, spleen, liver, and bones
14
Q
Shigella
A
- Antigenic groups D and B predominate in USA
- Dysentery (bacillary dysentery, shigellosis) - invasion of intestinal epithelial cells with sloughing and bleeding
- Exotoxin produced by some strains
- endotoxins stimulate some disease responses
15
Q
Escherichia coli
A
- Genes from most toxins on plasmids
- Normal fecal flora
- Urinary tract infections (adherence and colonization)
- ETEC - severe watery diarrhea due to CHOLERA-LIKE enterotoxins esp in TRAVELERS
- EHEC - hemorrhagic colitis, enteroinvasive - invasion of intestinal epithelium, dysentery/bloody diarhhea, SHIGA-TOXINS, endotoxin)
- May cause hemolytic uremic syndrome; predominantly due to serotype O157:H7
16
Q
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
A
- Acid fast bacillus
- Use 3 to 5 drugs to overcome multi-drug resistance
- PRIMARY TB - mild/asymptomatic - skin test pos; chest x-ray neg; no sputum produced
- Tubercle bacteria survive macrophage & in lymph nodes
- CMI slows growth & causes inflammation; bacteria contained w/in tubercles; disease remains latent/dormant possibly for years
- SECONDARY TB - clinical TB - skin test pos, x-ray pos, sputum pos
- CMI fails to contain growth; tubercles (ghon complex) necrotic; enlarge & rupture into airways and blood vessels
17
Q
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
A
-complex–pulmonary lesions and lymphdenitis; esp in AIDS patients; resistant to many antituberculosis drugs
18
Q
Haemophilus influenzae
A
- Meningitis in unvaccinated young children (HIB)
- Epigottitis
- Otitis media
19
Q
Haemophilus ducreyi
A
Chancroid (asia)
20
Q
Neisseria Meningitis
A
Meningococcal meningitis
-Primarily in ages 4-40; outbreaks in school settings
21
Q
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
A
- Gonorrhea
- Urethritis, endocervicitis
- Septic arthritis
22
Q
Chlamydia trachomatis
A
- Atypical bacteria, tissue cell culture; lab diagnosis by Ag detection
- STD “non gonococcal urethritis/cervicitis”
- Trachoma-Inclusion Conjunctivitis
23
Q
Chlaemydia pneumoniae
A
- Mild pneumonia
- Bronchitis
- Atherosclerosis
24
Q
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
A
- Atypical bacteria, not cultured on typical agar media; lab diagnosis by Ag or Ab detection
- Primary atypical pneumoniae
25
Rickettsia
- Atypical, obligate intracellular parasites
- ID by antigen of antibody detection from blood or biopsy
- Rocky mountain spotted fever; epidemic typhus - headache, fever, pain, rash
- R. rickettsii, R. prowazekii (others) - species specific and vector specific
26
Listeria monocytogenes
food poisoning, meningitis
27
Bacillus anthracis
Aerobic, spore forming
| - Anthrax
28
Clostridium perfringens
Anaerobic, spore forming
- food poisoning
- gangrene
29
Costridium botulinum
Anaerobic, spore forming
| -Botulism from food poisoning (pre-formed toxin)
30
Clostridium difficile
Anaerobic, spore forming
| - Antibiotic associated diarrhea (Pseudomembranous colitis)
31
Clostridium tetani
Anaerobic, spore forming
| -Tetanus (neurotoxin)
32
Bacteroides fragilis
Anaerobic
- deep abscesses
- aspiration pneumonia
- empyema
33
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Opportunistic nosocomial pathogen
- Wound infections
- Resistant to many antibiotics
34
Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Opportunistic pneumonia
35
Enterobacter
-Opportunistic bacteremia & UTI, esp. in BURN patients
36
Proteus
- Nosocomial UTI & WOUND infections
37
Providencia
- Opportunistic and nosocomial BURN and WOUND and UTI
38
Legionella
- Opportunistic pneumonia
39
Helicobacter pylori
Peptic Ulcers
40
Bordatella pertussis
Pertussis (whooping cough)
41
Corynebacterium diptheriae
Diptheria
