summary questions Flashcards
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
The peace treaty that ended World War I, signed in 1919.
What did the War Guilt Clause entail?
Germany was forced to accept sole responsibility for causing World War I.
Why was the War Guilt Clause resented in Germany?
It contradicted the belief that other nations were also responsible for the war.
What were the reparations imposed on Germany?
Germany was required to pay substantial financial reparations to the Allied nations for war damages.
What was the initial amount set for Germany’s reparations?
132 billion gold marks.
What was one consequence of the reparations on Germany’s economy?
Led to hyperinflation and economic hardship.
What territories did Germany lose due to the Treaty of Versailles?
Alsace-Lorraine to France and other lands to newly formed nations like Poland.
How was Germany’s military affected by the Treaty of Versailles?
Germany’s military was severely restricted in size and capabilities.
What is considered a contributing factor to the rise of extremist ideologies in Germany?
The harshness of the Treaty of Versailles.
What was the Weimar Republic?
A period in German history from 1918 to 1933 characterized by significant challenges.
When was the Weimar Constitution adopted?
1919.
Who was the first President of the Weimar Republic?
Friedrich Ebert.
What event led to the occupation of the Ruhr region in 1923?
Germany’s failure to pay reparations.
What was the major economic issue Germany faced in 1923?
Hyperinflation.
What were the causes of hyperinflation in Germany?
War debts, printing money to pay for the war, and the occupation of the Ruhr.
What plans were implemented to address the economic crisis in Germany?
The Dawes Plan (1924) and the Young Plan (1929).
What currency was introduced to stabilize the German economy?
The Rentenmark.
What period followed economic stabilization in Germany?
The ‘Golden Twenties.’
What did the Armistice of 1918 signify?
The end of World War I on the Western Front.
What was the German Spring Offensive?
Germany’s last major offensive on the Western Front launched in March 1918.
What was the outcome of the German Spring Offensive?
Failed to achieve a decisive breakthrough due to logistical problems.
What was the Hundred Days Campaign?
A series of Allied offensives that began in August 1918.
What were the conditions of the German military by the end of World War I?
Exhausted and lacking resources.
What does Nazi Germany refer to?
The period of totalitarian rule in Germany from 1933 to 1945.
