Summary Pages 18 -24 Flashcards
How and when did Alexander Fleming discover penicillin?
1928 - by accident, left a mouldy sandwich out over holiday and the germs got into a pétri dish with staphylococci in and killed it
Who developed his work and when
Florey and Chain in 1941
The three drugs and what they were used to treat.
1944 Streptomycin - tuberculosis
1953 tetracycline - skin infections
1956 mitomycin - cancer
Thalidomide
Taken by pregnant women to help with sleep and their babies ended up with deformed limbs
Vaccines - polio measles and rubella
Polio - 1955
Measles - 1964
Rubella - 1969
MRI and CAT scans usage
They create images of the inside of the bodies to check for abnormalities.
MRI is more detailed and use radio waves and magnetic fields, CAT is faster and used x-rays
Define alternative medicine
Any medicine that isn’t mainstream or given by doctors, non-scientific
What are superbugs? give examples
Bacteria that are becoming resistant to antibiotics. For example norovirus and MRSA
What is phage therapy?
The use of bacteriophages to treat bacterial infection. They are viruses that inject a viral genome into the bacterial cells and kill them.
How many died in the Spanish flu outbreak 1918-1919
20 - 40 million
What percentage of those infected died because of the Spanish flu
20%
How do people at the time treat the Spanish flu
Gargling salt water
Boiling handkerchiefs
Staying in bed
Rhubarb
First kidney transplant. Also in the uk
1952
Uk - 1960
First pacemaker
1958
First hip replacement
1972
