Summary 2

Question 1

How did Fleming discover penicillin?

Answer 1

He left the germ staphylococci out in a petri-dish, whilst he was on holiday, and mould from a sandwich and killed the staphylococci.

Question 2

What experiments did Florey and Chain do to further the potential of antibiotics?

Answer 2

Tested the drug on a policeman - Albert Alexander. (Though he died due to a lack of the drug)

Question 3

What impact did WW2 have on the development or penicillin?

Answer 3

Made it mass-produceable due to soldiers needing it. Funding from the US made it possible to produce penicillin.

Question 4

What types of new anti-biotic have been developed since penicillin?

Answer 4

Streptomycin- 1944 (treats tuberculosis)
Tetracycline- 1853 (skin infections)
Cortisone- 1950 arthritis

Question 5

What controversy happened with the thalidomide drug?

Answer 5

It caused babies to have deformities in their limb development.

Question 6

What were the dates for the introduction of the Polio, measles and rubella vaccine?

Answer 6

Polio- 1955
Measles- 1964
Rubella- 1969

Question 7

What do MRI and CAT scans do?

Answer 7

MRI scans can monitor brain activity to detect tumours - with thermal imaging.
CAT scans create a 3D image of the body and display that image.

Question 8

What is alternative medicine?

Answer 8

Medicine that has no scientific evidence behind it and not used by the NHS and isn’t mainstream.

Question 9

What are superbugs?

Answer 9

A bacteria that antibiotics cannot defend against

Question 10

How does phage therapy work?

Answer 10

It sends in a stronger virus to the bloodstream that will kill the superbug and then self-destruct.