summary Flashcards
what vitamins are lipid-soluble?
A&D
independent variable of the DCPIP test:
type of vegetables
dependent variable:
number of drops of vegetable solution
controlled variable 1
temperature of DCPIP solution
controlled variable 2
DCPIP solution’s volume
explain the process of tooth decay,
- Bacteria in plaque act on food debris and produce acids
- Acids corrode the enamel and make holes.
- Bacteria and acids reach and corrode the dentine.
- Bacteria and acids reach the pulp cavity.
- Acids irritate the nerves, cause pain.
explain periodontal disease,
1.Bacteria in plaque cause inflammation of the gum.
2.Gum becomes swollen and pulls away from tooth.
3.A pocket is formed around the neck region.
4.more plaque accumulates in the pocket and plaque spreads down.
5.Bacteria damage the gum, cementum, periodontal membrane and jawbone.
6.Tooth becomes loose and fall out.
what enzyme does saliva contains?
Amylase
what does amylase do?
It speeds up the digestion of starch into sugar.
describe the function of incisors.
to bite and cut food.
describe the function of canines.
to tear food.
describe the function of premolars and molars.
to grind food.
what’s the difference between the enamel and others.
enamel is made up of non-living material.
oesophagus is a long tube that made up of layers of muscles.
peristalsis is formed by the muscles and it pushes food forwards.
describe the movement of peristalsis:
it pushes food down to the stomach.
What does churning carry out?
Mechanical digestion, solid turned into a semi-solid paste and mixes food with gastric juice.
Chemical digestion in gastric juice:
pepsin(enzyme) speeds up the breakdown of proteins into simpler molecules.
besides pepsin, what else do gastric juice contains??
hydrochloric acid provides acidic environment for pepsin to work, kills harmful microorganisms.
mucus protects the stomach’s wall from damage by pepsin and acid.
