Summarizing Data

Question 1

variable

Answer 1

an observable trait or character which for different individuals can assume different values, e.g., height

Question 2

Variate

Answer 2

an individual measurement of a variable (my height, your height, etc.)

Question 3

population

Answer 3

a set of variables (counts, measurements, or characteristics) about which relevant inquiries are to be made

Question 4

Sample

Answer 4

any subset of a statistical population

Question 5

Parameter

Answer 5

any quantitative measure which seems to characterize a population (µ)

Question 6

Statistic

Answer 6

any quantitative measure which seems to characterize a sample (xbar) Estimates the parameter

Question 7

Random sample

Answer 7

each member of a population has an equal and independent chance of being selected

Question 8

What are the subgroups of discrete variables

Answer 8

Categorical (Nominal) and Ordinal

Question 9

What are the subgroups of discrete variables

Answer 9

Categorical (Nominal) and Ordinal

Question 10

Variate

Answer 10

an individual measurement of a variable (my height, your height, etc.)

Question 11

population

Answer 11

a set of variables (counts, measurements, or characteristics) about which relevant inquiries are to be made

Question 12

Dichotomous categorical discrete variable

Answer 12

Only 2 variables. Ex: male or female

Question 13

Parameter

Answer 13

any quantitative measure which seems to characterize a population (µ)

Question 14

Statistic

Answer 14

any quantitative measure which seems to characterize a sample (xbar) Estimates the parameter

Question 15

Random sample

Answer 15

each member of a population has an equal and independent chance of being selected

Question 16

Mode

Answer 16

the most common value

Question 17

What are the subgroups of discrete variables

Answer 17

Categorical (Nominal) and Ordinal

Question 18

Categorical discrete variables

Answer 18

Not Rank able Ex: State of residence: GA, FL, SC… Can be Dichotomous

Question 19

Ordinal discrete variable

Answer 19

Rank able discrete variables Ex: short, average, tall

Question 20

Continuous Variable

Answer 20

Can have any potential value for precision purposes Ex: height 5 feet 11. 33333333…. inches

Question 21

Dichotomous categorical discrete variable

Answer 21

Only 2 variables. Ex: male or female

Question 22

What are the measures of central tendency

Answer 22

Mean, median, mode

Question 23

Mean

Answer 23

Mean (µ is population mean, X- is sample mean) (“average”) Formula!!! ΣXi = summation of all cases n = number of cases

Question 24

Median

Answer 24

the middle measurement in an order set of data (X (n+1)/2)

Question 25

Mode

Answer 25

the most common value

Question 26

Range

Answer 26

Maximum value - Minimum value

Question 27

What are the measures of variability and dispersion

Answer 27

Range and Quartiles

Question 28

Quartile equation

Answer 28

Q1 = X(n+1)/4

Question 29

interquartile range equation

Answer 29

Q3-Q1

Question 30

Standard varience

Answer 30

“sum of squares”

Question 31

Standard deviation

Answer 31

• The average dispersion of the variates about the mean
• s is sample SD, σ is population SD
• (xbar is sample mean, µ is population mean)

Question 32

difference between a bar graph and histogram

Answer 32

Bar graphs demonstrate categorical data and there are spaces btwn the bars

Histogram bars usually tough eachother, are displayed in a certain way (smallest to largest) and demonstrates continuous data